Zimmerman Richard K, Nowalk Mary Patricia, Lin Chyongchiou J, Ko Feng Shou, Block Bruce, Anderson Gregory, Wahrenberger J Todd, Fox Dwight E
Department of Family Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3518 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Vaccine. 2006 Mar 6;24(10):1523-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.10.016. Epub 2005 Nov 15.
The purposes of this study were to test the ability of tailored interventions to raise influenza immunization rates and assess the effect on timely receipt of other vaccines. We conducted a before/after trial over 2 years to increase influenza vaccination rates of patients 6-23 months old in five inner-city family health centers serving low-income children with a sixth site as a concurrent control. Influenza vaccination rates improved significantly from a baseline of 4.7-24.7% in the first year and 36.6% in the second year, P < 0.001. The increase in rates was greater in intervention sites than the control site (31.9% versus 25.7%, P = 0.02). In regression analyses of influenza vaccination, intervention year was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 9.4 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.4-20.0) for the first intervention year and OR = 13.4 (95% CI = 6.5-28.0) for the second intervention year. Children vaccinated against influenza were more likely to have received DTaP 3 and MMR within 2 months of the recommended age than children not vaccinated against influenza (P < 0.001).
本研究的目的是测试定制干预措施提高流感疫苗接种率的能力，并评估其对及时接种其他疫苗的影响。我们进行了一项为期两年的前后对照试验，以提高五个市中心家庭健康中心6至23个月大患者的流感疫苗接种率，这些中心为低收入儿童服务，同时以第六个地点作为对照。流感疫苗接种率从第一年的4.7%-24.7%的基线显著提高到第二年的36.6%，P<0.001。干预地点的接种率增幅大于对照地点（31.9%对25.7%，P=0.02）。在流感疫苗接种的回归分析中，干预年份在第一个干预年的比值比（OR）为9.4（95%置信区间（CI）=4.4-20.0），在第二个干预年的OR=13.4（95%CI=6.5-28.0）。与未接种流感疫苗的儿童相比，接种流感疫苗的儿童在推荐年龄的2个月内更有可能接种了百白破三联疫苗（DTaP 3）和麻疹腮腺炎风疹疫苗（MMR）（P<0.001）。
