Zaldivar Frank, Wang-Rodriguez Jessica, Nemet Dan, Schwindt Christina, Galassetti Pietro, Mills Paul J, Wilson Lori D, Cooper Dan M
Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Exercise Research Center, University Children's Hospital, University of California, Irvine, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2006 Apr;100(4):1124-33. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00562.2005. Epub 2005 Dec 15.
Leukocytosis following exercise is a well-described phenomenon of stress/inflammatory activation in healthy humans. We hypothesized that, despite this increase in circulating inflammatory cells, exercise would paradoxically induce expression of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors within these cells. To test this hypothesis, 11 healthy adult men, 18-30 yr old, performed a 30-min bout of heavy cycling exercise; blood sampling was at baseline, end-exercise, and 60 min into recovery. The percentage of leukocytes positive for intracellular cytokines and growth factors and mean fluorescence intensity was obtained by flow cytometry. Proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1alpha, IL-2, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha), a pleiotropic cytokine (IL-6), and anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors [IL-4, IL-10, growth hormone (GH), and IGF-I] were examined. Median fluorescence intensity was not affected by exercise; however, we found a number of significant changes (P < 0.05 by mixed linear model and modified t-test) in the numbers of circulating cells positive for particular mediators. The pattern of expression reflected both pro- and anti-inflammatory functions. In T-helper lymphocytes, TNF-alpha, but also IL-6, and IL-4 were significantly increased. In monocytes, both IFN-gamma and IL-4 increased. B-lymphocytes positive for GH and IGF-I increased significantly. GH-positive granulocytes also significantly increased. Collectively, these observations indicate that exercise primes an array of pro- and anti-inflammatory and growth factor expression within circulating leukocytes, perhaps preparing the organism to effectively respond to a variety of stressors imposed by exercise.
运动后白细胞增多是健康人群中一种已被充分描述的应激/炎症激活现象。我们假设，尽管循环炎症细胞有所增加，但运动反而会诱导这些细胞内促炎和抗炎细胞因子及生长因子的表达。为了验证这一假设，11名年龄在18 - 30岁的健康成年男性进行了30分钟的高强度自行车运动；在运动前、运动结束时和恢复60分钟时采集血样。通过流式细胞术获得细胞内细胞因子和生长因子阳性白细胞的百分比以及平均荧光强度。检测了促炎细胞因子（IL - 1α、IL - 2、IFN - γ和TNF - α）、一种多效细胞因子（IL - 6）以及抗炎细胞因子和生长因子[IL - 4、IL - 10、生长激素（GH）和IGF - I]。平均荧光强度不受运动影响；然而，我们发现特定介质阳性循环细胞数量有一些显著变化（混合线性模型和修正t检验，P < 0.05）。表达模式反映了促炎和抗炎功能。在辅助性T淋巴细胞中，TNF - α、IL - 6和IL - 4显著增加。在单核细胞中，IFN - γ和IL - 4均增加。GH和IGF - I阳性的B淋巴细胞显著增加。GH阳性粒细胞也显著增加。总体而言，这些观察结果表明运动能启动循环白细胞内一系列促炎、抗炎和生长因子的表达，可能使机体为有效应对运动施加的各种应激源做好准备。
