Verona Edelyn, Joiner Thomas E, Johnson Frank, Bender Theodore W
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 603 E. Daniel Street, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
Biol Psychol. 2006 Jan;71(1):33-41. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2005.02.001. Epub 2005 Mar 29.
We examined gene-environment interactive effects on aggressive behavior among men and women genotyped (short versus long alleles) for the serotonin transporter gene. Aggressive behavior was indexed via a laboratory paradigm that measured the intensity and duration of shocks delivered to a putative "employee". Half of the participants were exposed to a physical stressor during the procedure (stress) and half were not (no-stress). Participants' physiological responses were gauged via acoustic startle eyeblink reactions (startle reactivity). Results were that men with the homozygous short (s/s) genotype showed increased aggression only under stress, whereas women and men carrying the long allele did not show differences in aggression in stress versus no-stress. However, although stress exposure produced increases in startle reactivity, there were no genotype or gender differences in physiology. These results replicate longitudinal research findings confirming the interactive effects of genes and environment on behavioral reactivity and on the development of externalizing psychopathological syndromes, at least in men.
我们研究了血清素转运体基因不同基因型（短等位基因与长等位基因）的男性和女性中基因-环境对攻击行为的交互作用。攻击行为通过一种实验室范式来衡量，该范式测量给予一名假定“员工”电击的强度和持续时间。一半参与者在实验过程中暴露于身体应激源（应激组），另一半则未暴露（非应激组）。通过听觉惊吓眨眼反应（惊吓反应性）来评估参与者的生理反应。结果显示，纯合短基因型（s/s）的男性仅在应激状态下攻击行为增加，而携带长等位基因的女性和男性在应激与非应激状态下的攻击行为没有差异。然而，尽管暴露于应激会使惊吓反应性增加，但在生理方面不存在基因型或性别差异。这些结果重复了纵向研究的发现，证实了基因和环境对行为反应性以及外化性精神病理综合征发展的交互作用，至少在男性中是如此。
