婴儿下呼吸道疾病与低社会经济地位
Lower respiratory illness in infants and low socioeconomic status.
作者信息
Margolis P A, Greenberg R A, Keyes L L, LaVange L M, Chapman R S, Denny F W, Bauman K E, Boat B W
机构信息
Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7490.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1992 Aug;82(8):1119-26. doi: 10.2105/ajph.82.8.1119.
OBJECTIVES
Infants from families of low socioeconomic status are said to suffer higher rates of lower respiratory illness, but this assertion has not been carefully examined.
METHODS
We studied the frequency and determinants of lower respiratory illness in infants of different socioeconomic status (n = 393) by analyzing data from a community-based cohort study of respiratory illness during the first year of life in central North Carolina.
RESULTS
The incidence of lower respiratory illness was 1.41 in the low socioeconomic group, 1.26 in the middle group, and 0.67 in the high group. The prevalence of persistent respiratory symptoms was 39% in infants in the low socioeconomic group, 24% in infants in the middle group, and 14% in infants in the high group. The odds of persistent respiratory symptoms in infants of low and middle socioeconomic status were reduced after controlling for environmental risk factors for lower respiratory illness. Enrollment in day care was associated with an increased risk of persistent symptoms among infants of high but not low socioeconomic status.
CONCLUSIONS
Infants of low socioeconomic status are at increased risk of persistent respiratory symptoms. This risk can be partly attributed to environmental exposures, most of which could be changed.
目的
据说社会经济地位低下家庭的婴儿患下呼吸道疾病的几率更高，但这一说法尚未得到仔细研究。
方法
我们通过分析北卡罗来纳州中部一项基于社区的出生后第一年呼吸道疾病队列研究的数据，研究了不同社会经济地位婴儿（n = 393）下呼吸道疾病的发生频率和决定因素。
结果
社会经济地位低的组中下呼吸道疾病的发病率为1.41，中等组为1.26，高组为0.67。社会经济地位低的组中婴儿持续呼吸道症状的患病率为39%，中等组为24%，高组为14%。在控制了下呼吸道疾病的环境危险因素后，社会经济地位低和中等的婴儿出现持续呼吸道症状的几率降低。日托入学与社会经济地位高而非低的婴儿出现持续症状的风险增加有关。
结论
社会经济地位低的婴儿出现持续呼吸道症状的风险增加。这种风险部分可归因于环境暴露，其中大多数是可以改变的。
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