Getz Godfrey S, Reardon Catherine A
Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2006 Feb;26(2):242-9. doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000201071.49029.17. Epub 2005 Dec 22.
Lipid-enriched diets are often used to induce or accelerate the rate of atherosclerotic lesion development in murine models of atherosclerosis. It appears that the induction of persistent hypercholesterolemia to levels > or approximately to 300 mg/dL is required for the development of experimental atherosclerosis in the mouse. A variety of different diets have been used that vary in the level of cholesterol, the level and type of fatty acid, and the absence or presence of cholate. Each of these components as well as the protein source has been shown to influence lipoprotein level and/or atherosclerosis, with dietary cholesterol being the major proatherogenic component. In some instances the effects of these components on the expression of hepatic genes relevant to lipid homeostasis has been observed. An appreciation of the effect of the differences in diet composition on these processes is important to compare results from different atherosclerosis studies, so the composition of the diets used should always be reported or referenced. Cholate should not be used unless its effects are being specifically investigated.
富含脂质的饮食常用于诱导或加速动脉粥样硬化小鼠模型中动脉粥样硬化病变的发展速度。在小鼠实验性动脉粥样硬化的发展过程中，似乎需要将持续性高胆固醇血症诱导至大于或约300mg/dL的水平。人们使用了多种不同的饮食，这些饮食在胆固醇水平、脂肪酸水平和类型以及是否含有胆酸盐方面存在差异。这些成分中的每一种以及蛋白质来源都已被证明会影响脂蛋白水平和/或动脉粥样硬化，其中饮食中的胆固醇是主要的促动脉粥样硬化成分。在某些情况下，已观察到这些成分对与脂质稳态相关的肝脏基因表达的影响。了解饮食成分差异对这些过程的影响对于比较不同动脉粥样硬化研究的结果很重要，因此所使用饮食的成分应始终报告或引用。除非专门研究其作用，否则不应使用胆酸盐。
