Van Damme Stefaan, Crombez Geert, Hermans Dirk, Koster Ernst H W, Eccleston Christopher
Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Behav Res Ther. 2006 Nov;44(11):1555-63. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2005.11.008. Epub 2005 Dec 22.
We investigated the effects of extinction and reinstatement on attentional bias to fear-conditioned signals in healthy individuals using an emotional modification of a spatial cueing paradigm. Spatial cues were emotionally modulated using differential conditioning. The CS+ was sometimes followed by an aversive electrocutaneous stimulus (UCS), whereas the CS- was never followed by the UCS. During a subsequent extinction phase no UCS was presented anymore. The reinstatement phase started with one or four unpredicted UCS-only trials for half of the participants (reinstatement group). For the other half there were no additional UCS presentations (control group). We found that attention was biased to threat signals during acquisition. This biased attention largely disappeared during extinction. During the reinstatement phase attentional bias to threat signals re-emerged in the reinstatement group, but not in the control group.
我们采用空间线索范式的情绪修正版本，研究了消退和恢复对健康个体中恐惧条件信号的注意偏向的影响。空间线索通过差异条件作用进行情绪调节。条件刺激（CS+）有时会伴随厌恶的皮肤电刺激（无条件刺激，UCS），而条件刺激（CS-）则从不伴随无条件刺激。在随后的消退阶段，不再呈现无条件刺激。恢复阶段开始时，对一半参与者（恢复组）进行一次或四次仅有无条件刺激的未预测试验。另一半参与者则没有额外的无条件刺激呈现（对照组）。我们发现，在习得过程中，注意力偏向威胁信号。这种偏向的注意力在消退过程中基本消失。在恢复阶段，恢复组中对威胁信号的注意偏向重新出现，但对照组中没有。
