Vaserman Nathalie
Regional Geriatrics Center, 2, rue du Pont-Boeuf, BP 28, 35571 Chantepie cedex, France.
Joint Bone Spine. 2005 Dec;72(6):484-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2004.04.012. Epub 2004 Aug 13.
Parkinson's disease is associated with an increased risk of falls. The risk is greatest in patients with advanced disease. Because Parkinson's disease usually occurs late in life, the risk factors related to the neurological impairments add to those associated with aging. The incidence of fractures is high in patients with Parkinson's disease, with femoral neck fractures in older women being particularly common. Risk factors for fractures include a low body mass index, limited exposure to sunlight, an inadequate vitamin D intake with low 25-OH vitamin D levels, and bone loss. Several studies found decreased bone mineral density values at the femoral neck and lumbar spine in patients with Parkinson's disease. Although this decrease is ascribable in part to factors unrelated with Parkinson's disease, such as older age and female gender, Parkinson's disease itself also plays a role, most notably in patients with severe neurological impairments (Hoehn and Yahr stages III and IV).
帕金森病与跌倒风险增加相关。这种风险在疾病晚期患者中最高。由于帕金森病通常在生命后期发生，与神经功能障碍相关的风险因素叠加了与衰老相关的因素。帕金森病患者骨折发生率较高，老年女性股骨颈骨折尤为常见。骨折的风险因素包括低体重指数、阳光照射有限、维生素D摄入不足且25-羟基维生素D水平低以及骨质流失。多项研究发现帕金森病患者股骨颈和腰椎的骨密度值降低。尽管这种降低部分归因于与帕金森病无关的因素，如年龄较大和女性性别，但帕金森病本身也起作用，最明显的是在严重神经功能障碍（Hoehn和Yahr分期III和IV期）的患者中。
