Emery Carolyn A, Meeuwisse Willem H, McAllister Jenelle R
Sport Medicine Centre, Roger Jackson Centre for Health and Wellness Research, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Clin J Sport Med. 2006 Jan;16(1):20-6. doi: 10.1097/01.jsm.0000184638.72075.b7.
To examine (1) sport participation and (2) sport injury in adolescents.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a retrospective survey design. In total, 2873 adolescents were recruited from a random sample of classes from 24 Calgary and area high schools. Each subject completed an in-class questionnaire in March 2004.
Overall and sport-specific participation rates (number of sport participants/number of students completing survey). Overall and sport-specific injury rates (number of injuries/number of participants).
In the previous 1 year, 94% of students participated in sport. The top 5 sports by participation for males were basketball, hockey, football, snowboarding, and soccer, and for females, basketball, dance, volleyball, snowboarding, and soccer. The injury rate including only injuries requiring medical attention was 40.2 injuries/100 adolescents/y (95% CI, 38.4-42.1), presenting to a hospital emergency department was 8.1 injuries/100 adolescents/y (95% CI, 7.1-9.2), resulting in time loss from sport was 49.9 injuries/100 adolescents/y (95% CI, 48-51.8), and resulting in loss of consciousness was 9.3 injuries/100 adolescents/y (95% CI, 8.3-10.5). The greatest proportion of injuries occurred in basketball, hockey, soccer, and snowboarding. The top 5 body parts injured were the ankle, knee, head, back, and wrist. The top 5 injury types were sprain, contusion, concussion, fracture, and muscle strain. A previous injury was associated with 49% of the injuries and direct contact with 45% of injuries.
Rates of participation in sport and sport injury are high in adolescents. Future research should focus on prevention strategies in sports with high participation and injury rates to maximize population health impact.
研究（1）青少年的体育活动参与情况和（2）运动损伤情况。
设计、地点和参与者：这是一项回顾性调查研究。总共从卡尔加里及其周边地区24所高中的班级中随机抽取了2873名青少年。每位受试者于2004年3月在课堂上完成了一份问卷。
总体及特定运动项目的参与率（参与体育运动的学生人数/完成调查的学生人数）。总体及特定运动项目的损伤率（损伤人数/参与者人数）。
在过去1年中，94%的学生参与了体育运动。按参与人数排名，男性参与率最高的前5项运动为篮球、曲棍球、足球、单板滑雪和英式足球，女性为篮球、舞蹈、排球、单板滑雪和英式足球。仅包括需要医疗救治的损伤在内，损伤率为40.2例损伤/100名青少年/年（95%置信区间，38.4 - 42.1），到医院急诊科就诊的损伤率为8.1例损伤/100名青少年/年（95%置信区间，7.1 - 9.2），导致运动时间损失的损伤率为49.9例损伤/100名青少年/年（95%置信区间，48 - 51.8），导致意识丧失的损伤率为9.3例损伤/100名青少年/年（95%置信区间，8.3 - 10.5）。损伤比例最高的运动项目为篮球、曲棍球、英式足球和单板滑雪。受伤比例最高的5个身体部位为脚踝、膝盖、头部、背部和手腕。损伤类型排名前5的为扭伤、挫伤、脑震荡、骨折和肌肉拉伤。既往损伤与49%的损伤相关，直接接触与45%的损伤相关。
青少年的体育运动参与率和运动损伤率都很高。未来的研究应聚焦于参与率和损伤率高的运动项目的预防策略，以最大程度地影响人群健康。
