Tirabassi Jill, Brou Lina, Khodaee Morteza, Lefort Roxanna, Fields Sarah K, Comstock R Dawn
Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 2016 Nov;44(11):2925-2932. doi: 10.1177/0363546516644604. Epub 2016 May 10.
Although rare, season- or career-ending injuries in young athletes are concerning because they can result in time lost from sport participation and school, social costs, and economic costs of medical care.
To describe rates and patterns of medically disqualifying (MDQ) injuries among United States high school athletes overall and by sport, sex, type of athletic activity, and mechanism.
Descriptive epidemiological study.
Sports-related injury data on high school athletes were collected during the 2005-2006 through 2013-2014 academic years from a large national sample of United States high schools via High School Reporting Information Online (RIO). MDQ injuries were defined as season- or career-ending injuries.
From 2005-2006 through 2013-2014, High School RIO captured 59,862 total injuries including 3599 MDQ injuries (6.0% of all injuries). Most MDQ injuries (60.4%) occurred in competition. Football had the highest injury rate (26.5 per 100,000 athlete-exposures), followed by gymnastics (18.6) and wrestling (17.9). MDQ injury rates were higher among girls in the sex-comparable sports of basketball (rate ratio [RR], 1.6; 95% CI, 1.3-2.0), cross-country (RR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.0-7.5), soccer (RR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.3-1.9), and track and field (RR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.7-4.0). Player-player contact (48.2%) was the most common MDQ injury mechanism. The most commonly injured body site was the knee (33.7%). The most common MDQ injury diagnosis was sprains/strains (35.9%); the most common specific MDQ injury was knee sprains/strains (25.4%), with the anterior cruciate ligament being the most commonly injured knee structure. Among boys, fracture was the most common diagnosis in 3 sports, and sprain/strain was the most common in 6 sports. Among girls, sprain/strain was the most common diagnosis in 9 sports, and fracture was the most common only in softball.
MDQ injuries vary by sport, sex, and type of athletic activity and occur most frequently as a result of player-player contact. These findings should prompt additional research into the development, implementation, and evaluation of targeted injury prevention efforts.
尽管年轻运动员出现赛季或职业生涯终结的伤病情况较为罕见，但令人担忧的是，此类伤病会导致他们无法参与体育活动和上学，还会产生社会成本和医疗护理的经济成本。
描述美国高中运动员中导致医学 disqualifying（MDQ）伤病的发生率及模式，按运动项目、性别、体育活动类型和受伤机制进行分类。
描述性流行病学研究。
在2005 - 2006学年至2013 - 2014学年期间，通过在线高中报告信息（RIO）从美国大量高中的全国性样本中收集高中运动员与运动相关的伤病数据。MDQ伤病被定义为赛季或职业生涯终结的伤病。
从2005 - 2006年至2013 - 2014年，高中RIO共记录了59,862起伤病，其中包括3599起MDQ伤病（占所有伤病的6.0%）。大多数MDQ伤病（60.4%）发生在比赛中。橄榄球的伤病发生率最高（每100,000运动员暴露次数中有26.5起），其次是体操（18.6）和摔跤（17.9）。在篮球（率比[RR]，1.6；95%置信区间，1.3 - 2.0）、越野（RR，2.6；95%置信区间，1.0 - 7.5）、足球（RR，1.6；95%置信区间，1.3 - 1.9）和田径（RR，2.6；95%置信区间，1.7 - 4.0）这些性别可比的运动项目中，女孩的MDQ伤病发生率更高。运动员之间的接触（48.2%）是最常见的MDQ伤病机制。最常受伤的身体部位是膝盖（33.7%）。最常见的MDQ伤病诊断是扭伤/拉伤（35.9%）；最常见的具体MDQ伤病是膝盖扭伤/拉伤（25.4%），其中前交叉韧带是膝盖结构中最常受伤的部位。在男孩中，骨折是3项运动中最常见的诊断，扭伤/拉伤是6项运动中最常见的诊断。在女孩中，扭伤/拉伤是9项运动中最常见的诊断，骨折仅在垒球运动中是最常见的诊断。
MDQ伤病因运动项目、性别和体育活动类型而异，最常因运动员之间的接触而发生。这些发现应促使针对有针对性的伤病预防措施的制定、实施和评估开展更多研究。
