Vleck V E, Bürgi A, Bentley D J
Department of Human and Health Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom.
Int J Sports Med. 2006 Jan;27(1):43-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2005-837502.
This study examined the consequences of performance in swim, cycle, and run phases on overall race finish in an elite "draft legal" Olympic distance (OD) triathlon. The subjects were 24 male athletes grouped by rank order into the top 50 % (n = 12) and bottom 50 % (n = 12) of the race population. Swimming velocity (m x s (-1)), cycling speed (km x h (-1)), and running velocity (m x s (-1)) were measured at regular intervals using a global positioning system, chip timing system, and video analysis. Actual rank after each stage and overall was obtained from the race results and video analysis. The top 50 % athletes overall swam faster over the first 400 m of the swim phase (p > 0.05). Their swim ranking was lower (p < 0.01) than the bottom 50 % athletes after this stage. There were no significant differences in actual race position between the groups after the cycle. However, the bottom 50 % athletes after the swim stage cycled faster (p < 0.01) at 13.4 km of the cycle. Speed at 13.4 km of the cycle stage was inversely correlated (r = 0.60, p < 0.01) to running performance. Performance (rank and velocity) in the running stage was highly correlated with overall race result (r = 0.86 and - 0.53, respectively, both p > 0.01). It appears that inferior swimming performance can result in a tactic that involves greater work in the initial stages of the cycle stage of elite OD racing, and may influence subsequent running performance.
本研究调查了在精英“非尾随合法”奥运距离（OD）铁人三项赛中，游泳、自行车和跑步阶段的表现对总比赛成绩的影响。研究对象为24名男性运动员，根据排名顺序分为比赛人群中排名前50%（n = 12）和后50%（n = 12）的两组。使用全球定位系统、芯片计时系统和视频分析，定期测量游泳速度（m×s⁻¹）、自行车速度（km×h⁻¹）和跑步速度（m×s⁻¹）。每个阶段及总成绩的实际排名通过比赛结果和视频分析获得。总体排名前50%的运动员在游泳阶段的前400米游得更快（p>0.05）。在此阶段后，他们的游泳排名低于后50%的运动员（p<0.01）。自行车赛后两组的实际比赛名次没有显著差异。然而，游泳阶段后排名后50%的运动员在自行车赛13.4公里处骑得更快（p<0.01）。自行车赛13.4公里处的速度与跑步成绩呈负相关（r = 0.60，p<0.01）。跑步阶段的表现（排名和速度）与总比赛成绩高度相关（分别为r = 0.86和 - 0.53，均p>0.01）。看来，较差的游泳表现可能导致一种策略，即在精英OD比赛的自行车阶段初期投入更多体力，并且可能影响随后的跑步表现。
