la Cour Karen, Josephsson Staffan, Luborsky Mark
Karolinska Institutet, Neurotec Department, Division of Occupational Therapy, Huddinge, Sweden.
Scand J Occup Ther. 2005;12(3):98-109. doi: 10.1080/11038120510030889.
The aim of this study was to discover and characterize components of engagement in creative activity as occupational therapy for elderly people dealing with life-threatening illness, from the perspective of both clients and therapists. Despite a long tradition of use in clinical interventions, key questions remain little addressed concerning how and why people seek these activities and the kinds of benefits that may result.
Qualitative interviews were conducted with 8 clients and 7 therapists participating in creative workshops using crafts at a nursing home in Sweden. Analysis of the interviews was conducted using a constant comparative method.
Engaging in creative activity served as a medium that enabled creation of connections to wider culture and daily life that counters consequences of terminal illness, such as isolation. Creating connections to life was depicted as the core category, carried out in reference to three subcategories: (1) a generous receptive environment identified as the foundation for engaging in creative activity; (2) unfolding creations-an evolving process; (3) reaching beyond for possible meaning horizons.
The findings suggest that the domain of creative activity can enable the creation of connections to daily life and enlarge the experience of self as an active person, in the face of uncertain life-threatening illness. Ultimately, the features that participants specify can be used to refine and substantiate the use of creative activities in intervention and general healthcare.
本研究旨在从服务对象和治疗师的角度，探索并描述将创造性活动作为职业疗法用于应对危及生命疾病的老年人的构成要素。尽管在临床干预中使用已有悠久传统，但关于人们如何以及为何寻求这些活动以及可能产生何种益处等关键问题仍鲜有人探讨。
对瑞典一家养老院中参与使用手工艺进行创造性工作坊的8名服务对象和7名治疗师进行了定性访谈。采用持续比较法对访谈进行分析。
参与创造性活动成为一种媒介，能够建立与更广泛文化及日常生活的联系，以应对诸如孤立等绝症带来的后果。与生活建立联系被描述为核心类别，可细分为三个子类别：（1）一个宽松包容的接纳环境，被视为参与创造性活动的基础；（2）不断展开的创作——一个不断演变的过程；（3）超越自身以探寻可能的意义视野。
研究结果表明，在面对不确定的危及生命疾病时，创造性活动领域能够建立与日常生活的联系，并拓展作为积极个体的自我体验。最终，参与者所明确的这些特征可用于完善和充实创造性活动在干预及一般医疗保健中的应用。
