Maillard R, Grimard B, Chastant-Maillard S, Chomel B, Delcroix T, Gandoin C, Bouillin C, Halos L, Vayssier-Taussat M, Boulouis H-J
UMR BIPAR, Unité de Pathologie de la Reproduction, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France.
J Clin Microbiol. 2006 Jan;44(1):42-6. doi: 10.1128/JCM.44.1.42-46.2006.
Bartonella spp. are small hemotropic bacteria infecting mammals. Four Bartonella species have been recently described in cattle and wild ruminants. To date, the biology and possible pathogenic role of Bartonella species isolated from ruminants are poorly understood. Therefore, a dairy herd of 448 cows and heifers was surveyed in order to establish the prevalence of Bartonella bovis and B. chomelii infections, the level of bacteremia, and the relationship between bacteremia and age or pregnancy status. The putative impact of Bartonella infection on production performance (individual milk cell count, milk yield) and reproductive status (success of artificial insemination [AI], placental retention, embryonic death, and abortion) was also assessed. The overall mean prevalence of B. bovis bacteremia was 59%, with the highest prevalence in heifers (92.5%). No B. chomelii was isolated, and 95% (114/120) of the B. bovis strains isolated and tested by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism belonged to type I. The level of bacteremia was higher in pregnant cows than in nonpregnant cows (P = 0.05), and the level of bacteremia rose during the last two-thirds of gestation (P < 0.001). There was no correlation between bacteremia and milk yield, individual milk cell count, success of first AI, interval between two calvings, or incidence of abortion and embryonic death. The interval from calving to first AI was shorter and the incidence of placental retention was lower in bacteremic animals than in nonbacteremic ones (P = 0.03 and P = 0.01, respectively).
巴尔通体属是感染哺乳动物的小型嗜血性细菌。最近在牛和野生反刍动物中发现了四种巴尔通体。迄今为止，从反刍动物中分离出的巴尔通体的生物学特性和可能的致病作用尚不清楚。因此，对一个有448头奶牛和小母牛的奶牛群进行了调查，以确定牛巴尔通体和肖氏巴尔通体感染的流行率、菌血症水平，以及菌血症与年龄或妊娠状态之间的关系。还评估了巴尔通体感染对生产性能（个体乳细胞计数、产奶量）和繁殖状态（人工授精[AI]成功率、胎盘滞留、胚胎死亡和流产）的假定影响。牛巴尔通体菌血症的总体平均流行率为59%，小母牛中的流行率最高（92.5%）。未分离出肖氏巴尔通体，通过PCR-限制性片段长度多态性分离和测试的120株牛巴尔通体菌株中有95%（114/120）属于I型。怀孕奶牛的菌血症水平高于未怀孕奶牛（P = 0.05），并且在妊娠的后三分之二期间菌血症水平升高（P < 0.001）。菌血症与产奶量、个体乳细胞计数、首次人工授精成功率、两次产犊间隔或流产和胚胎死亡发生率之间没有相关性。与非菌血症动物相比，菌血症动物从产犊到首次人工授精的间隔更短，胎盘滞留的发生率更低（分别为P = 0.03和P = 0.01）。
