Ogden Carol Anne, Elkon Keith B
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-6428, USA.
Curr Dir Autoimmun. 2006;9:120-42. doi: 10.1159/000090776.
The complement system is regarded as an ancient host defense mechanism that helps to promote phagocytosis and/or killing of foreign microorganisms. Less well known is the facilitatory role that complement and other closely related molecules of the innate immune system play in the removal of dying cells. In this chapter, we review the complement system and the mechanisms of complement activation that include natural antibodies and acute phase proteins. The effects of spontaneous and genetically engineered mutations on function of these proteins and their relationship to autoimmune diseases such as lupus are discussed. We also review the known function of non-complement receptors and their roles in recognition and removal of dying cells in normal cellular homeostasis and in inflammation.
补体系统被视为一种古老的宿主防御机制，有助于促进对外来微生物的吞噬和/或杀伤。补体以及先天免疫系统中其他密切相关分子在清除死亡细胞方面所起的促进作用则鲜为人知。在本章中，我们将综述补体系统以及包括天然抗体和急性期蛋白在内的补体激活机制。还将讨论自发突变和基因工程突变对这些蛋白质功能的影响及其与狼疮等自身免疫性疾病的关系。我们也将综述非补体受体的已知功能及其在正常细胞稳态和炎症中识别与清除死亡细胞的作用。
