Romieu I, Varraso R, Avenel V, Leynaert B, Kauffmann F, Clavel-Chapelon F
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Col Santa Maria Ahuacatitlan, 62508 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
Thorax. 2006 Mar;61(3):209-15. doi: 10.1136/thx.2004.039123. Epub 2006 Jan 5.
A study was undertaken to investigate whether dietary intake predicted the prevalence of adult asthma among French women participating in the E3N study.
Of 68 535 women who completed a food frequency questionnaire in 1993 which included 238 food items, 2145 (3.1%) reported having asthma. The distribution of food intake was divided into quartiles (Q(1)-Q(4)) and the prevalence of asthma was compared between the different quartiles (lowest as reference) using logistic regression models on cross sectional data.
After adjusting for age, body mass index, menopausal status, smoking status, total caloric intake, physical activity, and use of dietary supplements, women who had a greater intake of tomatoes (OR(Q1-Q4) 0.85 95% CI 0.75 to 0.96, test for trend p = 0.02), carrots (OR(Q1-Q4) 0.81 95% CI 0.72 to 0.92, test for trend p = 0.0003), and leafy vegetables (OR(Q1-Q4) 0.82 95% CI 0.73 to 0.93, test for trend p = 0.0009) had a lower prevalence of asthma. Apples were marginally related to the prevalence of asthma. No other fruits or vegetables were significantly associated with asthma prevalence.
These results suggest that the intake of some vegetables may decrease the prevalence of adult asthma.
开展了一项研究，以调查饮食摄入量是否能预测参与E3N研究的法国女性中成人哮喘的患病率。
在1993年完成包含238种食物项目的食物频率问卷的68535名女性中，2145名（3.1%）报告患有哮喘。将食物摄入量分布分为四分位数（Q(1)-Q(4)），并使用横断面数据的逻辑回归模型比较不同四分位数之间哮喘的患病率（以最低四分位数作为参照）。
在调整年龄、体重指数、绝经状态、吸烟状态、总热量摄入、身体活动和膳食补充剂使用情况后，番茄摄入量较高的女性（OR(Q1-Q4) 0.85，95%可信区间0.75至0.96，趋势检验p = 0.02）、胡萝卜摄入量较高的女性（OR(Q1-Q4) 0.81，95%可信区间0.72至0.92，趋势检验p = 0.0003）以及绿叶蔬菜摄入量较高的女性（OR(Q1-Q4) 0.82，95%可信区间0.73至0.93，趋势检验p = 0.0009）哮喘患病率较低。苹果与哮喘患病率有微弱关联。没有其他水果或蔬菜与哮喘患病率有显著关联。
这些结果表明，某些蔬菜的摄入可能会降低成人哮喘的患病率。
