Liu Wen-Yi, Tung Tao-Hsin, Shi Leiyu
Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Shanghai Bluecross Medical Science Institute, Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
BMJ Public Health. 2025 Sep 4;3(2):e000477. doi: 10.1136/bmjph-2023-000477. eCollection 2025.
To synthesise recent empirical evidence for the prevention and management of respiratory function in children.
We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science databases for studies published from inception to 16 September 2024. Two authors independently selected eligible studies, evaluated the quality of the included studies and assessed bias based on the Cochrane Collaboration tool for assessing the risk of bias. First, 968 studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected. We stratified all studies into three groups: asthma (n=50), pneumonia (n=4) and other respiratory diseases (n=15). We performed bias evaluations and summarised the paediatric respiratory function on a pathway based on probable aetiology. We determined that household and communal management schemes for different age groups were based on different types of diseases. We divided the children into the infant group (0-3 years old), preschool age (4-6 years old), school-going age (7-13 years old) and adolescents (14-18 years old) and summarised the appropriate management schemes according to the different characteristics of each group.
Effective prevention and management strategies implemented at both the family and community levels can significantly enhance the quality of life for children with respiratory disorders. Our summary highlights the importance of these strategies throughout the preadult lifecycle. We emphasise the need for future research employing rigorous and advanced methodologies to explore and address prevention and management practices across varying severity levels of respiratory conditions.
综合近期关于儿童呼吸功能预防和管理的实证证据。
我们检索了PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、Embase和科学网数据库，查找从数据库创建至2024年9月16日发表的研究。两位作者独立选择符合条件的研究，评估纳入研究的质量，并根据Cochrane协作网评估偏倚风险的工具评估偏倚。首先，选择了968项符合纳入标准的研究。我们将所有研究分为三组：哮喘（n = 50）、肺炎（n = 4）和其他呼吸道疾病（n = 15）。我们进行了偏倚评估，并基于可能的病因在一条路径上总结了儿科呼吸功能。我们确定不同年龄组的家庭和社区管理方案基于不同类型的疾病。我们将儿童分为婴儿组（0 - 3岁）、学龄前（4 - 6岁）、学龄期（7 - 13岁）和青少年（14 - 18岁），并根据每组的不同特征总结了适当的管理方案。
在家庭和社区层面实施有效的预防和管理策略可显著提高患有呼吸系统疾病儿童的生活质量。我们的总结强调了这些策略在整个未成年生命周期中的重要性。我们强调未来需要采用严谨和先进的方法进行研究，以探索和解决不同严重程度呼吸疾病的预防和管理实践。
