Grieser Mira, Vu Maihan B, Bedimo-Rung Ariane L, Neumark-Sztainer Dianne, Moody Jamie, Young Deborah Rohm, Moe Stacey G
Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Health Educ Behav. 2006 Feb;33(1):40-51. doi: 10.1177/1090198105282416.
Physical activity levels in girls decline dramatically during adolescence, most profoundly among minorities. To explore ethnic and racial variation in attitudes toward physical activity, semistructured interviews (n = 80) and physical activity checklists (n = 130) are conducted with African American, Hispanic, and Caucasian middle school girls in six locations across the United States. Girls from all groups have similar perceptions of the benefits of physical activity, with staying in shape as the most important. Girls have similar negative perceptions of physical activity, including getting hurt, sweating, aggressive players, and embarrassment. Chores, running or jogging, exercises, and dance are common activities for girls regardless of ethnicity. Basketball, swimming, running, and dance are commonly cited favorite activities, although there are slight differences between ethnic groups. The results suggest that factors other than ethnicity contribute to girls' physical activity preferences and that distinct interventions may not be needed for each ethnic group.
女孩的身体活动水平在青春期会急剧下降，在少数族裔中下降最为明显。为了探究不同种族和民族对身体活动态度的差异，研究人员在美国六个地点对非裔美国、西班牙裔和白人初中女生进行了半结构化访谈（n = 80）和身体活动清单调查（n = 130）。所有组别的女孩对身体活动益处的认知相似，其中保持身材是最重要的。女孩们对身体活动也有相似的负面看法，包括受伤、出汗、有攻击性的运动员以及尴尬。家务劳动、跑步或慢跑、锻炼和舞蹈是各民族女孩普遍参与的活动。篮球、游泳、跑步和舞蹈是她们普遍提到的喜爱活动，不过不同民族之间存在细微差异。研究结果表明，除种族外的其他因素会影响女孩对身体活动的偏好，可能无需针对每个民族采取不同的干预措施。
