McGovern P G, Burke G L, Sprafka J M, Xue S, Folsom A R, Blackburn H
Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454-1015.
JAMA. 1992 Aug 12;268(6):753-9.
The Minnesota Heart Survey is a population-based study designed to monitor and explain trends in cardiovascular mortality, morbidity, and risk factors.
Surveillance time-trends study.
The following trends were examined among men and women aged 25 to 74 years living in Minneapolis-St Paul, Minn: (1) stroke mortality from 1960 through 1990; (2) risk factors in population-based surveys conducted in 1973 through 1974, 1980 through 1982, and 1985 through 1987; and (3) morbidity in a 50% sample of hospitalized discharges for acute-stroke in 1970, 1980, and 1985.
Stroke mortality in Minneapolis-St Paul declined slowly from 1960 through 1972 (average fall, 2.4% per year), dropped sharply from 1972 through 1984 (average fall, 6.5% per year), but exhibited little change thereafter (average fall, 1.5% per year). The average level of cardiovascular disease risk factors fell from 1973-1974 to 1985-1987, with the exception of body mass index. In particular, hypertension diagnosis, treatment, and control levels improved substantially between 1973-1974 and 1980-1982, although there was little improvement after 1980-1982. While discharge rates for hospital-coded acute stroke declined substantially between 1970 and 1985 in both sexes, no clear trend was observed in definite stroke rates as validated using standard clinical criteria. Twenty-eight-day case fatality rates of definite stroke improved significantly from 1970 to 1985.
The substantial decline in stroke mortality of more than 50% from 1960 through 1990 appears to have been attributable to both primary and secondary prevention. These data suggest that the long decline in stroke mortality and morbidity in Minneapolis-St Paul has plateaued, although improved detection of stroke with computed tomography prevents an unequivocal conclusion.
明尼苏达心脏调查是一项基于人群的研究，旨在监测和解释心血管疾病死亡率、发病率及危险因素的趋势。
监测时间趋势研究。
对居住在明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯 - 圣保罗市年龄在25至74岁的男性和女性进行了以下趋势研究：（1）1960年至1990年的中风死亡率；（2）1973年至1974年、1980年至1982年以及1985年至1987年基于人群调查的危险因素；（3）1970年、1980年和1985年50%急性中风住院出院病例的发病率。
1960年至1972年，明尼阿波利斯 - 圣保罗市的中风死亡率缓慢下降（年均下降2.4%），1972年至1984年急剧下降（年均下降6.5%），但此后变化不大（年均下降1.5%）。1973 - 1974年至1985 - 1987年，心血管疾病危险因素的平均水平下降，但体重指数除外。特别是，1973 - 1974年至1980 - 1982年期间，高血压的诊断、治疗和控制水平有显著改善，不过1980 - 1982年之后改善不大。虽然1970年至1985年期间男女医院编码的急性中风出院率大幅下降，但使用标准临床标准验证的明确中风发病率未观察到明显趋势。1970年至1985年，明确中风的28天病死率显著改善。
1960年至1990年中风死亡率大幅下降超过50%，这似乎归因于一级预防和二级预防。这些数据表明，明尼阿波利斯 - 圣保罗市中风死亡率和发病率长期下降的趋势已趋于平稳，尽管计算机断层扫描对中风检测的改善使得无法得出明确结论。
