Ricciardi Francesco, Binelli Andrea, Provini Alfredo
Department of Biology, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2006 Mar;63(3):406-12. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2005.02.007.
The use of zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha as a bioaccumulator for lipophilic compounds is nowadays standardized, but its employment in early warning systems by the biomarker approach is much less frequent. One of the main problems with the biomarker approach is due to natural variation of abiotic factors such as temperature that influence the activity of several enzymes. In this study, we investigated the influence of this environmental parameter on the activities of two different biomarkers: acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (inhibited by organophosphorus compounds) and CYP450 (inversely influenced by planar compounds and heavy metals). We used these two biomarkers to evaluate the environmental pollution of Lake Maggiore (northern Italy). Results showed a strong AChE inhibition in mussel specimens collected in some sampling sites of the lake, indicating heavy pollution by neurotoxic compounds. We also found a twofold effect on CYP450 activity, probably due to the activating effect of planar compounds and the inhibiting effect of trace metals.
如今，将斑马贻贝（Dreissena polymorpha）用作亲脂性化合物的生物蓄积器已实现标准化，但通过生物标志物方法将其用于预警系统的情况则要少得多。生物标志物方法的主要问题之一是受诸如温度等非生物因素的自然变化影响，这些因素会影响多种酶的活性。在本研究中，我们调查了这一环境参数对两种不同生物标志物活性的影响：乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）（受有机磷化合物抑制）和细胞色素P450（受平面化合物和重金属反向影响）。我们使用这两种生物标志物评估了意大利北部马焦雷湖的环境污染情况。结果显示，在该湖一些采样点采集的贻贝样本中，乙酰胆碱酯酶受到强烈抑制，这表明存在神经毒性化合物的严重污染。我们还发现细胞色素P450活性有两倍的变化，这可能是由于平面化合物的激活作用和痕量金属的抑制作用所致。
