Almeida Osvaldo P, Norman Paul, Hankey Graeme, Jamrozik Konrad, Flicker Leon
School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006 Jan;14(1):27-35. doi: 10.1097/01.JGP.0000192486.20308.42.
The authors investigated the associations of medical and lifestyle factors with the mental health of men in their 80s.
This was a prospective study of a community-representative cohort of older men. Successful mental health aging was defined as reaching age 80 years with Mini-Mental State Examination score (MMSE) of 24 or more and Geriatric Depression Scale-15 items (GDS-15) score of 5 or less.
Of 601 men followed for 4.8 years, 76.0% enjoyed successful mental health aging. Successful mental health aging was inversely associated with age (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.81-0.94), non-English-speaking background (HR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.21-0.85), and the consumption of full-cream milk (HR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.45-0.89), and directly associated with high school or university education (HR = 1.92; 95% CI: 1.34-2.75) and vigorous (HR = 1.89; 95% CI: 1.17-3.05) and nonvigorous physical activity (HR = 1.50; 95% CI: 1.05-2.14). Marital status, smoking and alcohol use, weekly consumption of meat or fish, and a medical history of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes, myocardial infarction, and stroke were not associated with mental health outcomes in men aged 80 years or over.
Three in four men who reach age 80 years undergo successful mental health aging. Factors associated with successful mental health aging include education and lifestyle behaviors such as physical activity. Lifestyle modification by means of increasing physical activity and reducing saturated fat intake may prove to be a safe, inexpensive, and readily available strategy to help maximize the successful mental health aging of the population.
作者研究了医学和生活方式因素与80多岁男性心理健康之间的关联。
这是一项对具有社区代表性的老年男性队列进行的前瞻性研究。成功的心理健康老龄化定义为达到80岁，简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）得分24分及以上，老年抑郁量表15项（GDS-15）得分5分及以下。
在随访4.8年的601名男性中，76.0%的人实现了成功的心理健康老龄化。成功的心理健康老龄化与年龄呈负相关（风险比[HR]=0.87；95%置信区间[CI]：0.81-0.94）、非英语背景（HR=0.42；95%CI：0.21-0.85）以及全脂牛奶的摄入量（HR=0.63；95%CI：0.45-0.89），与高中或大学教育（HR=1.92；95%CI：1.34-2.75）、剧烈（HR=1.89；95%CI：1.17-3.05）和非剧烈体育活动（HR=1.50；95%CI：1.05-2.14）呈正相关。婚姻状况、吸烟和饮酒、每周肉类或鱼类的摄入量，以及高胆固醇血症、高血压、糖尿病、心肌梗死和中风的病史与80岁及以上男性的心理健康结果无关。
每四名活到80岁的男性中就有三名经历了成功的心理健康老龄化。与成功的心理健康老龄化相关的因素包括教育和体育活动等生活方式行为。通过增加体育活动和减少饱和脂肪摄入量来改变生活方式可能是一种安全、廉价且易于实施的策略，有助于最大限度地促进人群成功的心理健康老龄化。
