Beamer Gillian L, Turner Joanne
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 420 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2005 Nov-Dec;53(6):469-83.
Approximately one third of the world's population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis,yet each year a small proportion of those individuals progress to an active disease state. Early identification and treatment of such individuals is essential to reduce transmission; however, genetic and immunological correlates of disease progression have not been well established in man. The murine model has been a central tool for the elucidation of protective immune mechanisms that are essential for controlling M. tuberculosis infection. Additionally, the study of inbred mice has revealed significant divergence in the susceptibility and disease progression of individual mouse strains to an infection with M.tuberculosis. The continued study of genetically disparate mouse strains has the potential to identify immune mechanisms that correlate with increasing susceptibility to tuberculosis. These mechanisms will be highly applicable to studies in man and assist in the early detection of individuals that are more vulnerable to the development of reactivation tuberculosis.
世界上约三分之一的人口感染了结核分枝杆菌，但每年只有一小部分感染者会发展为活动性疾病状态。尽早识别并治疗这些个体对于减少传播至关重要；然而，疾病进展的遗传和免疫相关因素在人类中尚未得到充分确立。小鼠模型一直是阐明控制结核分枝杆菌感染所必需的保护性免疫机制的核心工具。此外，对近交系小鼠的研究表明，不同个体小鼠品系对结核分枝杆菌感染的易感性和疾病进展存在显著差异。对基因不同的小鼠品系进行持续研究，有可能识别出与结核病易感性增加相关的免疫机制。这些机制将高度适用于人类研究，并有助于早期检测出更易发生复发性结核病的个体。
