Andreu Adriana B, Guevara María G, Wolski Erika A, Daleo Gustavo R, Caldiz Daniel O
Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3250, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina.
Pest Manag Sci. 2006 Feb;62(2):162-70. doi: 10.1002/ps.1142.
The mechanism involved in systemic acquired resistance (SAR) can be non-specifically induced in susceptible plants. In response to pathogens, plants' natural defence mechanisms include the production of lignin and phytoalexins and the induction of plant enzymes. The aim of this research was to study the induction of SAR mediated by the chemical activator DL-3-aminobutyric acid (BABA) and the fungicide fosetyl-aluminium in potato cultivars with different levels of resistance against Phytophthora infestans (Mont) de Bary. To study the chemical induction of the resistance, the foliage of several potato cultivars was sprayed with BABA, fosetyl-aluminium or water (as a control treatment). After 3 days the foliage was inoculated with P. infestans. Seven days after inoculation, development of disease symptoms in the foliage was assessed. In postharvest tuber samples, evidence for enhancement of the defence response was evaluated by measuring the protein content of several hydrolytic enzymes as well as the phenol and phytoalexin content. The highest level of protection against late blight was observed when the chemicals were applied at early stages of crop development. An increase in resistance to late blight was also detected in tubers after harvest. There was also an increase in the protein level of beta-1,3-glucanase and aspartic protease as well as in the phenol and phytoalexin content of potato tuber discs obtained from postharvest tubers of treated plants. Thus the protective effect seemed to persist throughout the whole crop cycle. This treatment may offer the possibility of controlling both foliage and tuber blight and could have a major impact in reducing over-winter survival of P. infestans in tubers.
系统获得性抗性（SAR）所涉及的机制可在感病植物中被非特异性诱导。作为对病原体的响应，植物的天然防御机制包括木质素和植保素的产生以及植物酶的诱导。本研究的目的是研究化学激活剂DL-3-氨基丁酸（BABA）和杀菌剂福美双铝对不同水平抗马铃薯晚疫病（致病疫霉）能力的马铃薯品种中SAR的诱导作用。为研究抗性的化学诱导，对几个马铃薯品种的叶片喷施BABA、福美双铝或水（作为对照处理）。3天后，对叶片接种致病疫霉。接种7天后，评估叶片上病害症状的发展情况。在收获后的块茎样品中，通过测量几种水解酶的蛋白质含量以及酚类和植保素含量来评估防御反应增强的证据。在作物发育早期施用这些化学物质时，观察到对晚疫病的最高保护水平。收获后在块茎中也检测到对晚疫病抗性的增加。从处理过的植株收获后的块茎中获得的马铃薯块茎圆盘，其β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和天冬氨酸蛋白酶的蛋白质水平以及酚类和植保素含量也有所增加。因此，这种保护作用似乎在整个作物周期中持续存在。这种处理可能提供控制叶片和块茎晚疫病的可能性，并且可能对减少致病疫霉在块茎中的越冬存活有重大影响。
