Bein B, Scholz J
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2005 Dec;19(4):581-93. doi: 10.1016/j.bpa.2005.08.005.
Supraglottic airway devices are developed with increasing frequency following the overwhelming success of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA). Currently, the LMA, the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA), the laryngeal tube (LT), the laryngeal tube with integrated suctioning tube (LTS) and the oesophageal tracheal combitube (OTC) are the best evaluated and most widespread devices. Both the LMA and the PLMA have been shown to be perfectly suitable for routine anaesthesia and emergency airway management. While the LMA is limited by the lack of reliable protection against aspiration, the value of the PLMA in this respect remains undetermined yet. LT and LTS are primarily intended as emergency airway devices, but have also been successfully used during controlled ventilation in adults. The OTC, though advocated for emergency as well as routine use, is limited by high airway morbidity and possible serious complications.
随着喉罩气道（LMA）取得巨大成功，声门上气道装置的研发频率日益增加。目前，LMA、双管喉罩气道（PLMA）、喉管（LT）、带集成吸引管的喉管（LTS）以及食管气管联合导管（OTC）是评估最充分且应用最广泛的装置。LMA和PLMA均已被证明非常适合常规麻醉和紧急气道管理。虽然LMA因缺乏可靠的防误吸保护而受到限制，但PLMA在这方面的价值尚未确定。LT和LTS主要用作紧急气道装置，但也已成功用于成人的控制通气。OTC尽管也被提倡用于紧急情况和常规使用，但受气道发病率高和可能出现严重并发症的限制。
