Takemoto Mitsuru, Fujibayashi Shunsuke, Neo Masashi, Suzuki Jun, Matsushita Tomiharu, Kokubo Tadashi, Nakamura Takashi
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
Biomaterials. 2006 May;27(13):2682-91. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.12.014. Epub 2006 Jan 18.
In a previous study, we observed that chemically and thermally treated plasma-sprayed porous titanium possesses intrinsic osteoinductivity and that bone formation occurs after 12 months in the muscles of beagle dogs. The aim of this study was to optimize the surface treatment and to accelerate the osteoinductivity. Previous studies have reported that sodium removal converts the sodium titanate layer on the surface of an alkali-treated titanium plate into a more bioactive titania layer. In this study, we developed a dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) treatment for porous titanium, which removed sodium from the complexly shaped porous structure more effectively than conventional hot water treatment. Three types of surface treatments were applied: (a) alkali and heat treatment (AH treatment); (b) alkali, hot water, and heat treatment (Water-AH treatment); and (c) alkali, dilute HCl, hot water, and heat treatment (HCl-AH treatment). The osteoinductivity of the materials implanted in the back muscles of adult beagle dogs was examined at 3, 6, and 12 months. The HCl-AH-treated porous bioactive titanium implant had the highest osteoinductivity, with induction of a large amount of bone formation within 3 months. The dilute HCl treatment was considered to give both chemical (titania formation and sodium removal) and topographic (etching) effects on the titanium surface, although we cannot determine which is the predominant factor. Nevertheless, adding the dilute HCl treatment to the conventional chemical and thermal treatments is a promising candidate for advanced surface treatment of porous titanium implants.
在先前的一项研究中，我们观察到经过化学和热处理的等离子喷涂多孔钛具有内在的骨诱导性，并且在比格犬的肌肉中12个月后会发生骨形成。本研究的目的是优化表面处理并加速骨诱导性。先前的研究报道，去除钠会将碱处理钛板表面的钛酸钠层转化为更具生物活性的二氧化钛层。在本研究中，我们开发了一种用于多孔钛的稀盐酸（HCl）处理方法，该方法比传统的热水处理更有效地从复杂形状的多孔结构中去除钠。应用了三种类型的表面处理：（a）碱热处理（AH处理）；（b）碱、热水和热处理（水-AH处理）；（c）碱、稀HCl、热水和热处理（HCl-AH处理）。在3、6和12个月时检查植入成年比格犬背部肌肉中的材料的骨诱导性。经HCl-AH处理的多孔生物活性钛植入物具有最高的骨诱导性，在3个月内诱导大量骨形成。稀HCl处理被认为对钛表面产生了化学（二氧化钛形成和钠去除）和形貌（蚀刻）效应，尽管我们无法确定哪个是主要因素。然而，将稀HCl处理添加到传统的化学和热处理中是多孔钛植入物先进表面处理的一个有前景的候选方法。
