Thimme Robert, Lohmann Volker, Weber Friedemann
Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Freiburg, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany.
Antiviral Res. 2006 Mar;69(3):129-41. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2005.12.001. Epub 2006 Jan 4.
Obligate intracellular parasites such as the hepatitis C virus (HCV) have to cope intensively with immune responses in order to establish persistent infection. Powerful antiviral mechanisms of the host act on several levels. The innate immune response is able to slow down viral replication and activate cytokines which trigger the synthesis of antiviral proteins. The adaptive immune system neutralizes virus particles and destroys infected cells. Viruses have therefore developed a number of countermeasures to stay moving targets for the immune system. Here, we attempt to summarize the current state of research regarding innate and adaptive immune responses against HCV and the different escape strategies evolved by this virus.
诸如丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）之类的专性细胞内寄生虫必须积极应对免疫反应，以便建立持续感染。宿主强大的抗病毒机制在多个层面发挥作用。先天免疫反应能够减缓病毒复制并激活细胞因子，这些细胞因子会触发抗病毒蛋白的合成。适应性免疫系统会中和病毒颗粒并破坏受感染的细胞。因此，病毒已经开发出许多应对措施，以始终成为免疫系统难以捉摸的目标。在此，我们试图总结目前关于针对HCV的先天和适应性免疫反应以及该病毒所采用的不同逃逸策略的研究现状。
