Adeneye A A, Ajagbonna O P, Adeleke T I, Bello S O
Department of Pharmacology, Lagos State University College of Medicine, PMB 21266, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2006 May 24;105(3):374-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.11.027. Epub 2006 Jan 18.
These studies were designed to determine the preliminary oral toxicity profile of the crude aqueous stem bark extract of Musanga cecropioides (MCW) in adult Sprague-Dawley rats and its active chemical constituents by way of phytochemistry. The acute oral toxicity study was conducted using limit dose test of Up and Down Procedure according to the OECD/OCDE Test Guidelines on Acute Oral Toxicity (AOT425statPgm, version: 1.0) at a limit dose of 3,000 mg/kg body weight/oral route. Repeat dose oral toxicity studies were conducted by daily oral dosing of 750 mg/kg body weight of MCW dissolved in 1 ml of 0.9% saline and 1 ml of 0.9% saline to rats in the test and control groups, respectively, for 28 days. On day 29, blood samples for bioassays were collected by cardiac puncture under diethyl ether anesthesia. The phytochemical analysis was conducted using standard procedures. The LD(50) estimate of the extract was calculated to be greater than 3,000 mg/kg body weight/oral route. The extract caused a significant (P<0.05) decrease in weight gain, differential eosinophil count and increase in serum creatinine but did not affect the organ weights, other serum electrolytes (Na(+), K(+), HCO(3)(-)), liver enzymes and other hematological indices in test rats. Its phytochemical analysis showed it contains saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, phlobatannins, glycosides, reducing sugars and anthraquinones. These results show that the aqueous extract of Musanga cecropioides is relatively safe toxicologically when administered orally. Thus, its use in folkloric medicine as an oral antihypertensive is relatively safe when used over the tested period.
这些研究旨在通过植物化学方法确定类悬铃木叶桐（MCW）茎皮粗水提取物及其活性化学成分在成年Sprague-Dawley大鼠中的初步经口毒性概况。急性经口毒性研究按照经合组织/OCDE急性经口毒性测试指南（AOT425statPgm，版本：1.0），采用上下法极限剂量试验，极限剂量为3000 mg/kg体重/经口途径。重复剂量经口毒性研究通过分别给试验组和对照组大鼠每日经口灌胃溶解于1 ml 0.9%盐水中的750 mg/kg体重的MCW和1 ml 0.9%盐水，持续28天。在第29天，在乙醚麻醉下通过心脏穿刺采集用于生物测定的血样。采用标准程序进行植物化学分析。提取物的半数致死剂量（LD(50)）估计大于3000 mg/kg体重/经口途径。提取物导致试验大鼠体重增加、嗜酸性粒细胞分类计数显著降低（P<0.05），血清肌酐升高，但不影响器官重量、其他血清电解质（Na(+)、K(+)、HCO(3)(-)）、肝酶和其他血液学指标。其植物化学分析表明它含有皂苷、黄酮类化合物、生物碱、单宁、鞣红、糖苷、还原糖和蒽醌。这些结果表明，类悬铃木叶桐水提取物经口给药时在毒理学上相对安全。因此，在测试期间，其作为口服抗高血压民间药物使用相对安全。
