Yang Yu Rong, Cheng Li, Yang Shu Kun, Pan Xiao, Sun Tao, Li Xiuping, Hu Shangping, Zhao Rui, Craig Philip S, Vuitton Dominique A, McManus Donald P
Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, Qld 4006, Australia.
Acta Trop. 2006 Mar;97(3):284-91. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2005.12.001. Epub 2006 Jan 18.
A retrospective study of in-patient records for the period 1985-2001 collected from 11 hospitals in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (NHAR), China revealed a total of 2216 cases of echinococcosis. The survey showed that cystic echinococcosis (CE) occurs throughout NHAR but that human alveolar echinococcosis (AE) cases were only located in a confluence area of three counties, Xiji, Haiyuan and Guyuan. Incidence rates between counties within southern NHAR showed a highly heterogeneous distribution of cases, suggestive of different echinococcal transmission patterns. There was a significant difference in incidence between males and females, and farm labourers accounted for the majority of cases. Radical surgery with or without albendazole/mebendazole drug treatment was the major method of treatment for CE and repeat surgery was common; drug treatment alone was used mainly for AE. Epigastric pain was the main reason for patients seeking medical advice, the liver was the primary location of echinococcosis lesions and the majority of echinococcosis cases were diagnosed by ultrasound. Over a 12 year period, the average bed utilization rate in the Second Provincial Hospital of NHAR for patients with echinococcosis was 78% and echinococcosis cases accounted, on average, for 0.7% among the total hospital in-patients. Taking inflation into account, charges for echinococcosis hospitalization and treatment increased three-fold over the period 1994-2002. This study indicates that echinococcosisis is a significant public health problem in NHAR, especially in the south. The data from the hospital retrospective study are clearly underestimates and community surveys are required to determine the true echinococcosis prevalence levels, especially in the more remote areas of NHAR.
一项对1985年至2001年期间从中国宁夏回族自治区（NHAR）11家医院收集的住院病历进行的回顾性研究显示，共有2216例包虫病病例。调查表明，囊型包虫病（CE）在整个NHAR地区均有发生，但人体肺泡型包虫病（AE）病例仅位于西吉、海原和固原三县的交汇地区。NHAR南部各县之间的发病率显示病例分布高度不均一，提示存在不同的棘球蚴传播模式。男性和女性的发病率存在显著差异，农民占病例的大多数。对于CE，主要治疗方法是进行根治性手术，可联合或不联合使用阿苯达唑/甲苯达唑药物治疗，再次手术很常见；单独药物治疗主要用于AE。上腹部疼痛是患者就医的主要原因，肝脏是包虫病病变的主要部位，大多数包虫病病例通过超声诊断。在12年期间，NHAR第二省级医院包虫病患者的平均床位使用率为78%，包虫病病例平均占医院总住院患者的0.7%。考虑到通货膨胀因素，1994年至2002年期间包虫病住院和治疗费用增长了两倍。这项研究表明，包虫病是NHAR地区，尤其是南部地区的一个重大公共卫生问题。医院回顾性研究的数据明显低估了实际情况，需要进行社区调查以确定包虫病的真实流行水平，特别是在NHAR更偏远的地区。
