Krekling S, Nordvik H
Department of Psychology, University of Trondheim, Norway.
Scand J Psychol. 1992;33(2):117-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.1992.tb00891.x.
Among women university students who lacked conceptual understanding of the principle that the surface of still water is always horizontal, a specific task procedure designed to optimize self-discovery of the principle proved effective. Successful learning was reflected in more accurate responses on an adjustment task and by a significant increase (p less than .01) in the number of subjects able to verbalize a correct strategy. In contrast to previous research the results show that adult womens' performance on the water-level task can be improved by observational training, suggesting that the female lag in spatial skills may depend on experiential factors.
在那些对静水表面总是水平这一原理缺乏概念理解的女大学生中，一种旨在优化该原理自我发现的特定任务程序被证明是有效的。成功的学习体现在调整任务中更准确的回答上，以及能够说出正确策略的受试者数量显著增加（p小于0.01）。与之前的研究不同，结果表明，通过观察训练可以提高成年女性在水位任务上的表现，这表明女性在空间技能方面的滞后可能取决于经验因素。
