Feldman Ruth
Department of Psychology, Gonada Brain Sciences Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
Dev Psychol. 2006 Jan;42(1):175-88. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.42.1.175.
Links between neonatal biological rhythms and the emergence of interaction rhythms were examined in 3 groups (N = 71): high-risk preterms (HR; birth weight <1,000 g), low-risk preterms (LR; birth weight =1,700-1,850 g), and full-term (FT) infants. Once a week for premature infants and on the 2nd day for FT infants, sleep-wake cyclicity was extracted from 4-hr observations and cardiac vagal tone was measured. At term age, infant orientation was tested with the Neonatal Behavior Assessment Scale. At 3 months, arousal modulation and emotion regulation were assessed, and mother-infant synchrony was computed from microanalysis of face-to-face interactions using time-series analysis. Sleep-wake amplitudes showed a developmental leap at 31 weeks gestation, followed by a shift in vagal tone at 34 weeks gestation. At term, differences among FT, LR, and HR infants were observed for biological rhythms in a linear-decline pattern. Sleep-wake cyclicity, vagal tone, newborn orientation, and arousal modulation were each uniquely predictive of mother-infant synchrony. The organization of physiological oscillators appears to lay the foundation for the infant's capacity to partake in a temporally matched social dialogue.
研究人员在三组（N = 71）婴儿中检验了新生儿生物节律与互动节律出现之间的联系：高危早产儿（HR；出生体重<1000克）、低危早产儿（LR；出生体重=1700 - 1850克）和足月儿（FT）。对于早产儿，每周进行一次观察，对于足月儿，在出生后第二天进行观察，从4小时的观察中提取睡眠 - 觉醒周期，并测量心脏迷走神经张力。在足月时，使用新生儿行为评估量表对婴儿的定向能力进行测试。在3个月时，评估唤醒调节和情绪调节，并通过对面对面互动进行微观分析并使用时间序列分析来计算母婴同步性。睡眠 - 觉醒幅度在妊娠31周时出现发育性飞跃，随后在妊娠34周时迷走神经张力发生变化。在足月时，观察到足月儿、低危早产儿和高危早产儿在生物节律方面存在线性下降模式的差异。睡眠 - 觉醒周期、迷走神经张力、新生儿定向能力和唤醒调节各自都能独特地预测母婴同步性。生理振荡器的组织似乎为婴儿参与时间匹配的社会对话的能力奠定了基础。
