Voshaar Thomas H
Medizinische Klinik III, Schwerpunkt Pneumologie, Allergologie, Zentrum für Schlafmedizin und Heimbeatmung, Krankenhaus Bethanien, Moers.
Med Klin (Munich). 2005 Oct 15;100 Suppl 1:5-8.
Exertional dyspnea is the leading symptom in patients with COPD. The main causes are progressive weakness of skeletal muscles, reduction of diffusing capacity in emphysema and above all dynamic hyperinflation as a result of the collapsibility of bronchioli with expiratory flow limitation. The exercise-induced hyperinflation leads to a reduction of inspiratory capacity. Therefore, patients are unable to increase the minute volume under exercise. The inadequate ventilatory answer to an increased ventilatory drive is perceived as dyspnea. The inhalation of long-acting bronchodilators reduces hyperinflation and increases exercise capacity.
劳力性呼吸困难是慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者的主要症状。主要原因是骨骼肌进行性无力、肺气肿时弥散能力降低，尤其是细支气管塌陷导致呼气流量受限而引起的动态肺过度充气。运动诱发的肺过度充气导致吸气能力降低。因此，患者在运动时无法增加每分通气量。对增加的通气驱动反应不足的通气被认为是呼吸困难。吸入长效支气管扩张剂可减少肺过度充气并提高运动能力。
