Markaki A, Antonakis N, Philalithis A, Lionis C
Regional Health and Welfare System (RHWS) of Crete, University of Crete, Crete, Greece.
Int Nurs Rev. 2006 Mar;53(1):16-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-7657.2006.00456.x.
In 2001, the newly established Regional Health and Welfare System of Crete commissioned the first needs' assessment study of nursing personnel employed in the public sector of primary health care (PHC).
To capture the profile and professional needs of nursing staff working in Health Centers throughout the island of Crete and explore variations in nursing practice by educational preparation.
A newly developed, psychometrically tested questionnaire, was administered to all nursing staff in 14 rural Health Centers.
Vacancy rates are high, indicating a serious staffing deficit. The type of degree earned (2-year vs. 3 or 4-year program) does not differentiate nursing practice, with only two exceptions (obtaining a patient's history and counselling patients). The majority of respondents assess their existing knowledge and skills as 'adequate' while indicating a strong desire for continuing education. Job satisfaction is high in terms of interactions with clients and community recognition, while it is rated 'low' in terms of daily interactions with colleagues and support from work environment.
Cretan nursing staff in PHC operate within a restricted and task-orientated framework. Their educational preparation has little effect in practice role variations and professional needs. The Regional Health and Welfare System of Crete should address daily supervision and support issues, on-the-job training, continuing education needs, while taking immediate action to avoid potential turnover of existing staff and to aggressively recruit young, qualified nursing staff who will choose a career in PHC nursing.
2001年，新成立的克里特岛地区卫生与福利系统委托开展了第一项针对初级卫生保健（PHC）公共部门聘用护理人员的需求评估研究。
了解克里特岛全岛各健康中心护理人员的概况和专业需求，并探讨不同教育背景下护理实践的差异。
向14个农村健康中心的所有护理人员发放了一份新开发的、经过心理测量测试的问卷。
空缺率很高，表明存在严重的人员短缺。所获学位类型（2年制与3年制或4年制课程）对护理实践没有差异，仅有两个例外（获取患者病史和为患者提供咨询）。大多数受访者认为自己现有的知识和技能“足够”，同时表示强烈渴望接受继续教育。在与客户的互动和社区认可方面，工作满意度较高，而在与同事的日常互动和工作环境支持方面，工作满意度被评为“低”。
初级卫生保健中的克里特岛护理人员在一个受限且以任务为导向的框架内工作。他们的教育背景对实践角色差异和专业需求影响不大。克里特岛地区卫生与福利系统应解决日常监督和支持问题、在职培训、继续教育需求，同时立即采取行动，避免现有员工可能的流失，并积极招募将选择从事初级卫生保健护理工作的年轻合格护理人员。
