Salazar Martín R, Carbajal Horacio A, Aizpurúa Marcelo, Riondet Beatriz, Rodrigo Horacio F, Rechifort Valentin, Quaini Susana M, Echeverria Raul F
Centro de Referencia Provincial de Hipertensión Arterial, Ministerio de Salud, Pcia. de Buenos Aires.
Medicina (B Aires). 2005;65(6):507-12.
In a cross section study performed in Rauch in 1997 we found a high prevalence of hypertension and low levels of treatment and control. To evaluate the impact of the community-based intervention activities on blood pressure (BP), we made a cohort study in 1526 inhabitants aged between 15 and 75 years in 2003. The initial study, the advice to consult the family doctor when alterations were found, the free provision of antihypertensive drugs, the press diffusion of the study results and a healthy lifestyle were included among the intervention activities. BP was measured in the subjects' residence by especially trained nurses, considering systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) as the average of three measurements in one occasion. A total of 1307 subjects (85.65%) were re-interviewed. SBP decreased from 137.98 +/- 0.57 to 132.49 +/- 0.53 mm Hg (p < 0.01) and DBP from 88.73 +/- 0.38 to 81.87 +/- 0.33 mm Hg (p < 0.01). Pressure decrease was observed in all the age groups, in both sexes and in the subgroup without receiving antihypertensive drugs. The percentage with antihypertensive drugs increased from 12.2 to 20.4 (p < 0.01). A significant relationship was observed between the percentiles of the BP changes and weight changes in subjects with and without antihypertensive drugs. Community-based intervention strategies were effective to BP control and, probably, to decrease the cardiovascular risk in a community with high prevalence of hypertension.
在1997年于劳赫进行的一项横断面研究中，我们发现高血压患病率很高，而治疗和控制水平较低。为了评估基于社区的干预活动对血压（BP）的影响，我们于2003年对1526名年龄在15至75岁之间的居民进行了一项队列研究。干预活动包括最初的研究、发现异常时建议咨询家庭医生、免费提供抗高血压药物、研究结果的媒体传播以及健康的生活方式。由经过专门培训的护士在受试者家中测量血压，将收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）视为一次测量中三次测量的平均值。共有1307名受试者（85.65%）接受了再次访谈。收缩压从137.98±0.57降至132.49±0.53毫米汞柱（p<0.01），舒张压从88.73±0.38降至81.87±0.33毫米汞柱（p<0.01）。在所有年龄组、男女以及未接受抗高血压药物治疗的亚组中均观察到血压下降。接受抗高血压药物治疗的比例从12.2%增至20.4%（p<0.01）。在接受和未接受抗高血压药物治疗的受试者中，血压变化百分位数与体重变化之间存在显著关系。基于社区的干预策略对于血压控制有效，并且可能有助于降低高血压患病率高的社区中的心血管风险。
