Larsson Susanna C, Bergkvist Leif, Giovannucci Edward, Wolk Alicja
Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, National Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Am J Epidemiol. 2006 Apr 1;163(7):638-44. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwj067. Epub 2006 Jan 27.
Investigators have reported an inverse association between coffee consumption and risk of colorectal cancer in several case-control studies, but prospective studies, most of them involving small numbers of cases, have not supported such a relation. In this analysis, the authors prospectively examined the association of coffee consumption with colorectal cancer risk among participants from two population-based cohort studies: 61,433 women in the Swedish Mammography Cohort and 45,306 men in the Cohort of Swedish Men. Information about coffee consumption was obtained from food frequency questionnaires in 1987-1990 and 1997 for women and in 1997 for men. The authors used Cox proportional hazards modeling for cohort-specific multivariate analyses, and results were pooled using random-effects models. During 1,240,597 person-years of follow-up, 1,279 incident cases of colorectal cancer were diagnosed. Coffee consumption was not associated with risk of colorectal cancer, colon cancer, or rectal cancer in either women or men. For both cohorts combined, the multivariate rate ratio for colorectal cancer for each additional cup of coffee per day was 1.00 (95% confidence interval: 0.97, 1.04). The associations were not modified by colorectal cancer risk factors. The findings from these two large prospective cohort studies do not support the hypothesis that coffee consumption lowers the risk of colorectal cancer.
在多项病例对照研究中，研究人员报告了咖啡摄入量与结直肠癌风险之间存在负相关关系，但前瞻性研究（其中大多数研究的病例数量较少）并未支持这种关系。在本分析中，作者前瞻性地研究了来自两项基于人群的队列研究参与者中咖啡摄入量与结直肠癌风险之间的关联：瑞典乳腺X线摄影队列中的61433名女性和瑞典男性队列中的45306名男性。关于咖啡摄入量的信息分别于1987 - 1990年和1997年从女性的食物频率问卷中获取，男性则于1997年从食物频率问卷中获取。作者使用Cox比例风险模型进行特定队列的多变量分析，并使用随机效应模型汇总结果。在1240597人年的随访期间，共诊断出1279例结直肠癌病例。无论男性还是女性，咖啡摄入量均与结直肠癌、结肠癌或直肠癌风险无关。对于两个队列合并后的情况，每天多喝一杯咖啡，结直肠癌的多变量率比为1.00（95%置信区间：0.97, 1.04）。这些关联不受结直肠癌风险因素的影响。这两项大型前瞻性队列研究的结果不支持咖啡摄入可降低结直肠癌风险这一假设。
