Johansson Inger, Héas-Moisan Karine, Guiot Nadège, Munschy Catherine, Tronczyński Jacek
Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France.
Chemosphere. 2006 Jun;64(2):296-305. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.12.014. Epub 2006 Jan 30.
The present study focused on the retrospective analysis of PBDEs in archived blue mussel (Mytilus edulis or Mytilus galloprovincialis) samples collected over the past 22 years (1981-2003) from coastal areas of France. We have found that PBDE levels in mussels from the English Channel increased markedly from 1981 to 1991-1995, doubling approximately every 5-6 years followed by a levelling off and a possible beginning of a decrease. The rate of the decline of hexa- and hepta-BDE congeners was more rapid than the decline of tetra- and penta-BDEs in these mussel samples. The difference in the course of time of lower and higher brominated PBDE concentrations suggests that the congener profile in the mussel samples changes over time. The increase in PBDE concentrations in the mussel samples contrasts with a concomitant constant decrease of chlorobiphenyls (CBs) in the same set of samples. However, pulse inputs of both groups of organohalogen compounds were determined for the mussel samples collected at the mouth of the Seine estuary and were probably related to riverine inundations and a flushing out of the deposited sediments from the internal estuary into the bay of the River Seine, as well as considerable dredging activities taking place during same years. In France, the highest PBDE concentrations were determined in the mussels from the English Channel, more precisely in the bay of the Seine, and the regional differences in PBDE levels were mainly connected to the difference in anthropogenic urban and industrial environmental pressures. Published data comparing PBDE levels in mussels have shown significant differences in concentrations between North/South America and Europe. This observation further confirms that the PBDE levels in the North American environment are higher than in Europe. However, the data used for this comparison of mussel contamination by PBDEs is still relatively sparse.
本研究聚焦于对过去22年（1981 - 2003年）从法国沿海地区采集的蓝贻贝（紫贻贝或地中海贻贝）存档样本中的多溴二苯醚进行回顾性分析。我们发现，英吉利海峡贻贝中的多溴二苯醚水平在1981年至1991 - 1995年间显著上升，大约每5 - 6年翻倍，随后趋于平稳，并可能开始下降。在这些贻贝样本中，六溴和七溴二苯醚同系物的下降速度比四溴和五溴二苯醚更快。低溴化和高溴化多溴二苯醚浓度随时间变化的差异表明，贻贝样本中的同系物分布随时间而变化。贻贝样本中多溴二苯醚浓度的增加与同一组样本中氯联苯（CBs）的持续下降形成对比。然而，在塞纳河河口采集的贻贝样本中确定了这两类有机卤素化合物的脉冲输入，这可能与河流泛滥以及内河口沉积的沉积物被冲入塞纳河湾有关，同时也与同年发生的大量疏浚活动有关。在法国，英吉利海峡的贻贝中多溴二苯醚浓度最高，更确切地说是在塞纳河湾，多溴二苯醚水平的区域差异主要与人为的城市和工业环境压力差异有关。已发表的比较贻贝中多溴二苯醚水平的数据显示，北美和欧洲之间的浓度存在显著差异。这一观察结果进一步证实，北美环境中的多溴二苯醚水平高于欧洲。然而，用于比较贻贝受多溴二苯醚污染情况的数据仍然相对较少。
