Reyna Christine, Henry P J, Korfmacher William, Tucker Amanda
Department of Psychology, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2006 Jan;90(1):109-28. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.90.1.109.
Why do educated conservatives oppose affirmative action? Those in the "principled conservatism" camp say opposition is based on principled judgments of fairness about the policies. Others, however, argue that opposition is based on racism. The present article offers an alternative perspective that may reconcile these contradictory points of view. In 2 studies, the authors show 2 major findings: (a) that conservatives oppose affirmative action more for Blacks than for other groups, in this case women, and (b) that the relationship between conservatism and affirmative action attitudes is mediated best by group-based stereotypes that offer deservingness information and not by other potential mediators like old-fashioned racism or the perceived threat that affirmative action poses to oneself. The authors conclude that educated conservatives are indeed principled in their opposition to affirmative action, but those principles are group based not policy based.
为什么受过教育的保守派反对平权行动？“原则保守主义”阵营中的人表示，反对是基于对这些政策公平性的原则性判断。然而，其他人则认为反对是基于种族主义。本文提供了一个不同的视角，或许可以调和这些相互矛盾的观点。在两项研究中，作者展示了两个主要发现：（a）保守派反对给予黑人的平权行动多于其他群体，在本研究中即女性；（b）保守主义与平权行动态度之间的关系，最主要是由提供应得性信息的基于群体的刻板印象所介导，而非其他潜在的中介因素，如老式的种族主义或平权行动对自身构成的感知威胁。作者得出结论，受过教育的保守派在反对平权行动方面确实是有原则的，但这些原则是基于群体而非基于政策。
