Chaturvedi Santosh K, Peter Maguire G, Somashekar B S
Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2006 Feb;18(1):49-54. doi: 10.1080/09540260500466881.
Somatic symptoms can occur in disease-free cancer patients. The causes of such symptoms in cancer can be many and varied. These could be due to anxiety, depression, somatization or a manifestation of illness behaviour. Somatic symptoms can also arise out of treatments for the cancer like radiation treatment or chemotherapy. Cancer related somatic symptoms have cognitive, psychological, and physiological causes, each of which is amenable to treatment. The occurrence of somatoform disorders in cancer patients is likely to complicate the treatment and outcome of the cancer. Common somatic symptoms in cancer have been found to be pain, fatigue, anorexia, tiredness or exhaustion, weakness, reduced energy, lethargy, and tremors. Breathlessness, muscle pain, dizziness, and palpitation are common symptoms of anxiety and panic attack which have also been noted in cancer patients. Somatic concern and preoccupation are also common. These symptoms create difficulty in diagnosing depression and anxiety in cancer patients, and leads to the need for modification of the standard diagnostic criteria. Somatic symptoms in cancer respond to counselling and psychopharmacotherapy. More research are needed on this area to understand the process of somatization in a somatic disease.
躯体症状可出现在无疾病的癌症患者身上。癌症患者出现此类症状的原因多种多样。这些可能是由于焦虑、抑郁、躯体化或疾病行为的表现。躯体症状也可能源于癌症治疗，如放射治疗或化疗。与癌症相关的躯体症状有认知、心理和生理原因，每种原因都适合治疗。癌症患者中躯体形式障碍的发生可能会使癌症的治疗和预后复杂化。已发现癌症患者常见的躯体症状有疼痛、疲劳、厌食、疲倦或疲惫、虚弱、精力下降、无精打采和震颤。呼吸急促、肌肉疼痛、头晕和心悸是焦虑和惊恐发作的常见症状，在癌症患者中也有发现。对躯体的关注和执着也很常见。这些症状给癌症患者的抑郁和焦虑诊断带来困难，并导致需要修改标准诊断标准。癌症患者的躯体症状对咨询和心理药物治疗有反应。在这一领域需要更多的研究来了解躯体疾病中躯体化的过程。
