Szymańska Jolanta
Department of Paedodontics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Staszica 11, 20-018 Lublin, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2005;12(2):157-63.
Dentists belong to a professional group potentially exposed to harmful biological factors which most often are infectious microorganisms, less frequently - allergenic or toxic microorganisms. The fundamental routes of spreading harmful microorganisms in a dental surgery are: blood-borne, saliva-droplet, direct contact with a patient and with infected equipment, and water-droplet infections. In this paper, the current status of knowledge on microbiological hazards in a dentist's work is presented. Groups of microorganisms, such as prions, viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa, to which a dentist is, or may be exposed, are discussed. Epidemiological assessment of microbiological hazards in a dentist's work was performed and the basic principles of prevention formulated. Special attention was given to microflora in dental unit waterlines, and the biofilm persisting in them, as a source of occupational hazards specific for a dentist's workplace.
牙医属于一个可能接触有害生物因素的专业群体，这些有害生物因素大多是传染性微生物，较少见的是致敏或有毒微生物。牙科手术中有害微生物传播的基本途径有：血源性传播、飞沫传播、与患者及受感染设备的直接接触以及水滴传播感染。本文介绍了牙医工作中微生物危害的当前知识状况。讨论了牙医已经接触或可能接触的微生物群体，如朊病毒、病毒、细菌、真菌和原生动物。对牙医工作中的微生物危害进行了流行病学评估，并制定了基本预防原则。特别关注了牙科设备水线中的微生物群落及其内持续存在的生物膜，将其作为牙医工作场所特有的职业危害源。
