Winnicka Katarzyna, Tomasiak Marian, Bielawska Anna
Department of Drug Technology, Medical University of Białystok, 1 Kilińskiego Str., 15-089 Białystok, Poland.
Acta Pol Pharm. 2005 Sep-Oct;62(5):405-9.
Piracetam (2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine-acetamide), the most common of the nootropic drugs, is a cyclic derivative of gamma-aminobutyric acid. The treatment with piracetam improves learning, memory, brain metabolism, and capacity. Piracetam has been shown to alter the physical properties of the plasma membrane by increasing its fluidity and by protecting the cell against hypoxia. It increases red cell deformability and normalizes aggregation of hyperactive platelets. Piracetam is an agent with antithrombotic, neuroprotective and rheological properties. The interaction of this molecule with the membrane phospholipids restores membrane fluidity and could explain the efficacy of piracetam in various disorders ranging from dementia and vertigo to myoclonus and stroke.
吡拉西坦（2-氧代-1-吡咯烷乙酰胺）是最常见的促智药，是γ-氨基丁酸的环状衍生物。使用吡拉西坦进行治疗可改善学习、记忆、脑代谢和能力。已证明吡拉西坦可通过增加质膜流动性和保护细胞免受缺氧来改变质膜的物理性质。它可增加红细胞变形能力并使活性过高的血小板聚集正常化。吡拉西坦是一种具有抗血栓形成、神经保护和流变学特性的药物。该分子与膜磷脂的相互作用可恢复膜流动性，并可解释吡拉西坦在从痴呆、眩晕到肌阵挛和中风等各种疾病中的疗效。
