身体图式与个人周边空间的多感官表征
The body schema and the multisensory representation(s) of peripersonal space.
作者信息
Holmes Nicholas P, Spence Charles
机构信息
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
出版信息
Cogn Process. 2004 Jun;5(2):94-105. doi: 10.1007/s10339-004-0013-3.
In order to guide the movement of the body through space, the brain must constantly monitor the position and movement of the body in relation to nearby objects. The effective 'piloting' of the body to avoid or manipulate objects in pursuit of behavioural goals (Popper & Eccles, 1977, p. 129), requires an integrated neural representation of the body (the 'body schema') and of the space around the body ('peripersonal space'). In the review that follows, we describe and evaluate recent results from neurophysiology, neuropsychology, and psychophysics in both human and non-human primates that support the existence of an integrated representation of visual, somatosensory, and auditory peripersonal space. Such a representation involves primarily visual, somatosensory, and proprioceptive modalities, operates in body part-centred reference frames, and demonstrates significant plasticity. Recent research shows that the use of tools, the viewing of one's body or body parts in mirrors, and in video-monitors, may also modulate the visuotactile representation of peripersonal space.
为了引导身体在空间中的运动，大脑必须持续监测身体相对于附近物体的位置和运动。为了实现行为目标而有效地“操控”身体以避开或操纵物体（波普尔和埃克尔斯，1977年，第129页），需要对身体（“身体图式”）和身体周围空间（“个人周边空间”）进行整合的神经表征。在接下来的综述中，我们描述并评估了来自人类和非人类灵长类动物的神经生理学、神经心理学和心理物理学的最新研究结果，这些结果支持视觉、体感和听觉个人周边空间存在整合表征。这样的表征主要涉及视觉、体感和本体感觉模态，在以身体部位为中心的参考系中运作，并表现出显著的可塑性。最近的研究表明，工具的使用、在镜子和视频监视器中观察自己的身体或身体部位，也可能调节个人周边空间的视觉触觉表征。
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