Bes-Rastrollo Maira, Sánchez-Villegas Almudena, Gómez-Gracia Enrique, Martínez J Alfredo, Pajares Raquel M, Martínez-González Miguel A
Departments of Preventive Medicine and Public Health and Physiology and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Feb;83(2):362-70; quiz 394-5. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/83.2.362.
High consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks has been associated with weight gain and obesity in the United States. This trend may also be affecting populations with different eating patterns who increasingly are adopting typical US dietary patterns.
We assessed whether the consumption of sweetened drinks and other food items increased the likelihood of weight gain in a Mediterranean population.
This was a prospective cohort analysis of 7194 men and women with a mean age of 41 y who were followed-up for a median of 28.5 mo with mailed questionnaires. Dietary exposure was assessed with a previously validated semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire.
During follow-up, we observed that 49.5% of the participants increased their weight (x weight gain: 0.64 kg; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.73 kg). In the participants who had gained > or =3 kg in the 5 y before baseline, the adjusted odds ratio of subsequent weight gain for the fifth quintile compared with the first quintile of sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption was 1.6 (95% CI: 1.2, 2.1; P for trend = 0.02). This association was absent in the participants who had not gained weight in the 5-y period before baseline. The consumption of hamburgers, pizza, and sausages (as a proxy for fast-food consumption) was also independently associated with weight gain (adjusted odds ratio for the fifth compared with the first quintile = 1.2; 95% CI: 1.0, 1.4; P for trend = 0.05). We also found a significant, but weaker, association between weight gain and both red meat and sweetened fruit juice consumption.
In a Mediterranean cohort, particularly in the participants who had already gained weight, an increased consumption of sugar-sweetened soft drinks and of hamburgers, pizza, and sausages was associated with a higher risk of additional subsequent weight gain.
在美国，高糖饮料的高消费量与体重增加和肥胖有关。这种趋势可能也在影响着饮食模式各异且越来越多地采用典型美国饮食模式的人群。
我们评估了饮用含糖饮料和其他食品是否会增加地中海人群体重增加的可能性。
这是一项对7194名平均年龄为41岁的男性和女性进行的前瞻性队列分析，通过邮寄问卷对他们进行了中位数为28.5个月的随访。使用先前验证过的半定量食物频率问卷评估饮食暴露情况。
在随访期间，我们观察到49.5%的参与者体重增加（平均体重增加：0.64千克；95%置信区间：0.55，0.73千克）。在基线前5年体重增加≥3千克的参与者中，与含糖软饮料消费量第一五分位数相比，第五五分位数的后续体重增加调整优势比为1.6（95%置信区间：1.2，2.1；趋势P值=0.02）。在基线前5年未体重增加的参与者中未观察到这种关联。汉堡、披萨和香肠的消费（作为快餐消费的代表）也与体重增加独立相关（第五五分位数与第一五分位数相比的调整优势比=1.2；95%置信区间：IO，1.4；趋势P值=0.05）。我们还发现体重增加与红肉和甜果汁消费之间存在显著但较弱的关联。
在一个地中海队列中，特别是在已经体重增加的参与者中，含糖软饮料以及汉堡、披萨和香肠的消费增加与随后额外体重增加的较高风险相关。
