Kristůfek V, Elhottová D, Chronáková A, Dostálková I, Picek T, Kalcík J
Institute of Soil Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 370 05 Ceské Budĕjovice, Czechia.
Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2005;50(5):427-35. doi: 10.1007/BF02931425.
The bacterial population of brown coal colliery spoil (Sokolov coal mining district, Czechia) was characterized by measuring viable bacterial biomass, the culturable to total cell ratio (C : T), colony-forming curve (CFC) analysis and species and/or biotype diversity. Bacterial representatives that differed in colony-forming growth (fast and/or slow growers) were used for growth-strategy investigation of heterotrophic bacteria. Spoil substrates from the surface (0-50 mm) and the mineral (100-150 mm) layers were sampled on 4 sites undergoing spontaneous succession corresponding to 1, 11, 21 and 43 years after deposition (initial, early, mid and late stages). The bacterial biomass of the surface layer increased during the initial and early stages with a maximum at mid stage and stabilized in the late stage while mineral layer biomass increased throughout the succession. The maxima of C : T ratios were at the early stage, minima at the late stage. Depending on the succession stage the C : T ratio was 1.5-2 times higher in the mineral than the surface layer of soil. An increase in the fraction of nonculturable bacteria was associated with the late succession stage. CFC analysis of the surface layer during a 3-d incubation revealed that the early-succession substrate contained more (75%) rapidly colonizing bacteria (opportunists, r-strategists) than successively older substrates. The culturable bacterial community of the mineral layer maintained a high genera and species richness of fast growers along the succession line in contrast to the surface layer community, where there was a maximum in the abundance of fast growers in the early stage. There was a balanced distribution of Gram-positive and Gram-negative representatives of fast growers in both layers. A markedly lower abundance of slow growers was observed in the mineral in contrast to the surface layer. Gram-positive species dominated the slow growers at the surface as well as in the mineral layers. The growth strategy of the heterotrophic bacterial population along four successional stages on spoil of brown coal colliery substrate in the surface layer displayed a trend indicative of a r-K continuum in contrast to the mineral layer, where an r-strategy persisted.
通过测量活细菌生物量、可培养细胞与总细胞比例（C : T）、菌落形成曲线（CFC）分析以及物种和/或生物型多样性，对褐煤矿矸石（捷克索科洛夫矿区）的细菌群落进行了表征。具有不同菌落形成生长特性（快速和/或缓慢生长者）的细菌代表被用于异养细菌生长策略的研究。在4个经历自然演替的地点采集了表层（0 - 50毫米）和矿层（100 - 150毫米）的矸石底物样本，这些地点分别对应于沉积后的1年、11年、21年和43年（初始、早期、中期和晚期）。表层细菌生物量在初始和早期阶段增加，在中期达到最大值，在晚期稳定下来，而矿层生物量在整个演替过程中都在增加。C : T比例的最大值出现在早期阶段，最小值出现在晚期阶段。根据演替阶段的不同，矿层的C : T比例比表层土壤高1.5 - 2倍。不可培养细菌比例的增加与演替后期阶段相关。对表层进行3天培养期间的CFC分析表明，早期演替底物中快速定殖细菌（机会主义者，r策略者）的比例（75%）高于相继老化的底物。与表层群落不同，矿层的可培养细菌群落沿着演替线保持着快速生长者的高属和种丰富度，表层群落中快速生长者的丰度在早期达到最大值。两层中快速生长者的革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性代表分布均衡。与表层相比，矿层中缓慢生长者的丰度明显较低。革兰氏阳性物种在表层和矿层的缓慢生长者中占主导地位。与矿层中持续存在r策略不同，表层褐煤矿矸石底物上异养细菌群落在四个演替阶段的生长策略呈现出r - K连续体的趋势。
