Ge Xiaojia, Natsuaki Misaki N, Conger Rand D
Department of Human and Community Development, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 2006 Winter;18(1):253-73. doi: 10.1017/S0954579406060147.
This 11-year longitudinal study models the trajectories of depressive symptoms among approximately 550 females and males raised in divorced and nondivorced families in the rural Midwest. Using multilevel analyses, we demonstrate that, first, depressive symptoms changed according to a curvilinear pattern, especially for females; they increased during early to midadolescence and then declined in late adolescence to young adulthood. Second, compared with males, females experienced a greater number of depressive symptoms in adolescence and early adulthood. Third, children who experienced parental divorce by age 15 manifested a sharper increase in depressive symptoms compared to those from nondivorced families. Fourth, stressful life events children experienced shortly after parental divorce mediated the effect of parental divorce on depressive symptoms. Fifth and finally, time-varying stressful life events, particularly those related to relationship and personal loss, were significantly associated with the trajectories of depressive symptoms.
这项为期11年的纵向研究对美国中西部农村地区约550名来自离异家庭和非离异家庭的男性和女性的抑郁症状轨迹进行了建模。通过多层次分析，我们发现，首先，抑郁症状呈曲线变化模式，尤其是女性；在青少年早期到中期增加，然后在青少年晚期到青年期下降。其次，与男性相比，女性在青春期和成年早期经历的抑郁症状更多。第三，15岁前经历父母离异的儿童比来自非离异家庭的儿童抑郁症状增加更为明显。第四，父母离异后不久儿童经历的压力性生活事件介导了父母离异对抑郁症状的影响。第五也是最后一点，随时间变化的压力性生活事件，尤其是那些与人际关系和个人损失相关的事件，与抑郁症状轨迹显著相关。
