Larkey Linda
Arizona Cancer Center at the University of Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona 85258, USA.
J Community Health. 2006 Feb;31(1):69-77. doi: 10.1007/s10900-005-8190-2.
Community health advisors have effectively promoted breast and cervical cancer prevention and screening among low-income Latina women. Specific elements of such programs, such as enhanced social support, may explain successes. Promotion of colorectal cancer screening has been less studied. Promotoras de Salud (i.e., Latina health advisors) implemented a 12-week program among women recruited from community-based organizations. The program educated 366 Latinas in breast, cervical and colorectal cancer prevention and screening and emphasized social support among class members. Pre- and post-intervention assessments demonstrated significant increases for fruit and vegetable consumption (3.05 to 3.60 servings/day), and physical activity (65.15 to 122.40 minutes/week). Of women previously non-compliant, 39 percent, 31 percent and 4 percent received Pap tests, mammography, and fecal occult blood test (FOBT), respectively. A culturally aligned education program using community health advisors and emphasizing social support among participants may improve prevention and selected screening behaviors, but more intensive interventions may be required for colorectal cancer screening compliance.
社区健康顾问有效地促进了低收入拉丁裔女性对乳腺癌和宫颈癌的预防及筛查。此类项目的特定要素，如增强社会支持，可能是成功的原因。对结直肠癌筛查推广的研究较少。健康促进者（即拉丁裔健康顾问）在从社区组织招募的女性中实施了一项为期12周的项目。该项目对366名拉丁裔女性进行了乳腺癌、宫颈癌和结直肠癌预防及筛查方面的教育，并强调了班级成员间的社会支持。干预前后的评估显示，水果和蔬菜摄入量（从每天3.05份增至3.60份）以及身体活动量（从每周65.15分钟增至122.40分钟）有显著增加。在之前未遵医嘱的女性中，分别有39%、31%和4%接受了巴氏试验、乳房X光检查和粪便潜血试验（FOBT）。一项使用社区健康顾问并强调参与者间社会支持的文化适应性教育项目可能会改善预防措施和某些筛查行为，但对于结直肠癌筛查的依从性可能需要更强化的干预措施。
