Aggarwal A N, Chaudhry K, Chhabra S K, D'Souza G A, Gupta D, Jindal S K, Katiyar S K, Kumar R, Shah B, Vijayan V K
Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 2006 Jan-Mar;48(1):13-22.
There is limited information on field epidemiology of bronchial asthma in Indian adults.
To estimate prevalence of bronchial asthma in different regions of India and to define risk factors influencing disease prevalence.
A field study was conducted at Chandigarh, Delhi, Kanpur and Bangalore through a two stage stratified (urban/ rural) sampling and uniform methodology using a previously validated questionnaire. Asthma was diagnosed if the respondent answered affirmatively both to (a) whistling sound from chest, or chest tightness, or breathlessness in morning, and (b) having suffered from asthma, or having an attack of asthma in the past 12 months, or using bronchodilators. Besides demographic data, information on smoking habits, domestic cooking fuel used, atopic symptoms, and family history suggestive of asthma was also collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression modelling was performed to calculate odds ratio of various potential risk factors.
Data from 73605 respondents (37682 men, 35923 women) were analysed. One or more respiratory symptoms were present in 4.3-10.5% subjects. Asthma was diagnosed in 2.28%, 1.69%, 2.05 and 3.47% respondents respectively at Chandigarh, Delhi, Kanpur and Bangalore, with overall prevalence of 2.38%. Female sex, advancing age, usual residence in urban area, lower socio-economic status, history suggestive of atopy, history of asthma in a first degree relative, and all forms of tobacco smoking were associated with significantly higher odds of having asthma.
Prevalence estimates of asthma in adults in this study, although lower than several previously reported figures, point to a high overall national burden of disease.
关于印度成年人支气管哮喘的现场流行病学信息有限。
评估印度不同地区支气管哮喘的患病率，并确定影响疾病患病率的危险因素。
通过两阶段分层（城市/农村）抽样和统一方法，在昌迪加尔、德里、坎普尔和班加罗尔进行了一项现场研究，使用先前验证过的问卷。如果受访者对以下两个问题均回答“是”，则诊断为哮喘：（a）胸部有哮鸣声、胸部紧绷或早晨呼吸急促；（b）曾患哮喘、在过去12个月内有哮喘发作或使用支气管扩张剂。除人口统计学数据外，还收集了吸烟习惯、家庭烹饪所用燃料、特应性症状以及提示哮喘的家族史等信息。进行单变量和多变量逻辑回归建模以计算各种潜在危险因素的比值比。
分析了73605名受访者（37682名男性，35923名女性）的数据。4.3% - 10.5%的受试者存在一种或多种呼吸道症状。在昌迪加尔、德里、坎普尔和班加罗尔，分别有2.28%、1.69%、2.05%和3.47%的受访者被诊断为哮喘，总体患病率为2.38%。女性、年龄增长、通常居住在城市地区、社会经济地位较低、有特应性病史、一级亲属有哮喘病史以及所有形式的吸烟都与患哮喘的几率显著较高相关。
本研究中成年人哮喘的患病率估计值虽然低于先前报道的几个数字，但表明全国总体疾病负担较高。
