Jarosińska Dorota, Biesiada Marek, Muszyńska-Graca Maja
Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 13 Kościelna str., 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
Sci Total Environ. 2006 Aug 15;367(1):71-9. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.01.001. Epub 2006 Feb 17.
We performed environmental burden of disease (EBD) assessment of the neurotoxic effects of lead in the Polish urban children, in accordance with the WHO guidelines. The EBD assessment was based on the data on blood lead levels (BLL) of more than 8500 children from the lead biomonitoring programme conducted in the urban centre of the Upper Silesia Province, Poland between 1993 and 2000. In order to make the EBD assessment region specific, in the projections to years 2001 and 2005 we used 4% annual decrease in BLL, derived from the earlier analysis of the Silesian BLL data instead of the WHO proposed 7.8%. Mean BLL in the Silesian children projected for the year 2001 was higher (4.9 microg/dL) than the corresponding value for the WHO EurB region (3.9 microg/dL). The incidence rate of mild mental retardation (MMR) in the Silesian children was twice as high as in the EurB region for the year 2001, meaning more than two additional cases of MMR due to lead exposure per 1000 children aged 0-1 year, compared with 1 in 1000 children in the EurB region.
我们按照世界卫生组织的指南，对波兰城市儿童铅中毒的神经毒性进行了疾病环境负担（EBD）评估。EBD评估基于1993年至2000年在波兰上西里西亚省城市中心开展的铅生物监测项目中8500多名儿童的血铅水平（BLL）数据。为使EBD评估具有区域特异性，在对2001年和2005年的预测中，我们采用了根据西里西亚BLL数据早期分析得出的BLL每年下降4%，而非世界卫生组织提议的7.8%。预测2001年西里西亚儿童的平均BLL（4.9微克/分升）高于世界卫生组织欧洲区域的相应值（3.9微克/分升）。2001年西里西亚儿童的轻度智力迟钝（MMR）发病率是欧洲区域的两倍，这意味着每1000名0至1岁儿童中，因铅暴露导致的MMR病例比欧洲区域每1000名儿童多两例以上。
