Grassi F R, Pappalardo S, Baglìo O A, Frateiacci A, Scortichini A, Papa F, De Benedittis M, Petruzzi M
Unit of Periodontology II and Prosthesis I of Odontostomatology and Dentistry, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
Minerva Stomatol. 2006 Jan-Feb;55(1-2):59-65.
Patients who undergo a renal transplant also require a pharmacological immunosuppressor therapy with cyclosporine (CsA) as well as anti-hypertensive calcium channel-blockers (CCBs); the former suppresses interferon and interleukin-2 production thus interfering with T cell cell-mediated activity, while the latter are used in order to counteract the nephrotoxicity of CsA which causes the local release, of thromboxane A2 with vascular vasoconstriction in the kidney. The use of both these drugs, particularly if used in association, leads to the onset of a clinical picture of variable entity, characterized mainly by a hypertrophy originating usually at the level of interdental papillae, and more pronounced in the anterior maxillary areas and the vestibular surfaces of the teeth, in a more or less symptomatic manner. The therapy is above all preventive, with an appropriate oral hygiene program, both professionally as well as at home, and with the use of substitutive drugs that do not present such side effects.
接受肾移植的患者还需要使用环孢素（CsA）进行药物免疫抑制治疗以及抗高血压钙通道阻滞剂（CCB）；前者抑制干扰素和白细胞介素-2的产生，从而干扰T细胞介导的活性，而后者用于抵消CsA的肾毒性，CsA会导致血栓素A2局部释放，引起肾脏血管收缩。使用这两种药物，尤其是联合使用时，会导致出现不同程度的临床表现，主要特征是通常起源于牙间乳头水平的肥大，在上颌前部区域和牙齿的前庭表面更为明显，症状或多或少有所不同。治疗首先是预防性的，要有适当的口腔卫生计划，包括专业的和家庭的，以及使用没有此类副作用的替代药物。
