Stallmann Hein P, Faber Chris, Bronckers Antonius L J J, Nieuw Amerongen Arie V, Wuisman Paul I J M
Orthopaedic Surgery, VU Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2006 Feb 26;7:18. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-7-18.
Polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) beads releasing antibiotics are used extensively to treat osteomyelitis, but require surgical removal afterwards because they do not degrade.
As an alternative option, this report compares the in vitro gentamicin release profile from clinically used, biodegradable carrier-materials: six injectable cements and six granule-types. Cement cylinders and coated granules containing 3% gentamicin were submerged in dH2O and placed in a 48-sample parallel drug-release system. At regular intervals (30, 90, 180 min. and then every 24 h, for 21 days), the release fluid was exchanged and the gentamicin concentration was measured. The activity of released gentamicin was tested on Staphylococcus aureus.
All combinations showed initial burst-release of active gentamicin, two cements had continuous-release (17 days). The relative release of all cements (36-85%) and granules (30-62%) was higher than previously reported for injectable PMMA-cements (up to 17%) and comparable to other biodegradable carriers. From the cements residual gentamicin could be extracted, whereas the granules released all gentamicin that had adhered to the surface.
The high release achieved shows great promise for clinical application of these biodegradable drug-carriers. Using the appropriate combination, the required release profile (burst or sustained) may be achieved.
释放抗生素的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）珠广泛用于治疗骨髓炎，但由于它们不会降解，之后需要手术取出。
作为一种替代选择，本报告比较了临床使用的可生物降解载体材料（六种可注射骨水泥和六种颗粒类型）的庆大霉素体外释放情况。将含有3%庆大霉素的骨水泥圆柱体和包衣颗粒浸入去离子水中，并置于48个样品的平行药物释放系统中。每隔一定时间（30、90、180分钟，然后每24小时，共21天）更换释放液并测量庆大霉素浓度。对释放的庆大霉素在金黄色葡萄球菌上的活性进行测试。
所有组合均显示出活性庆大霉素的初始突释，两种骨水泥具有持续释放（17天）。所有骨水泥（36 - 85%）和颗粒（30 - 62%）的相对释放率高于先前报道的可注射PMMA骨水泥（高达17%），与其他可生物降解载体相当。从骨水泥中可提取出残留的庆大霉素，而颗粒释放出所有附着在表面的庆大霉素。
所实现的高释放率显示出这些可生物降解药物载体在临床应用中具有巨大潜力。通过适当组合，可实现所需的释放模式（突释或持续释放）。
