Lukina Yulia, Safronova Tatiana, Smolentsev Dmitriiy, Toshev Otabek
National Medical Research Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics Named after N.N. Priorov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Priorova 10, 127299 Moscow, Russia.
Faculty of Digital Technologies and Chemical Engineering, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya pl. 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia.
Materials (Basel). 2023 May 27;16(11):4017. doi: 10.3390/ma16114017.
Interest in calcium phosphate cements as materials for the restoration and treatment of bone tissue defects is still high. Despite commercialization and use in the clinic, the calcium phosphate cements have great potential for development. Existing approaches to the production of calcium phosphate cements as drugs are analyzed. A description of the pathogenesis of the main diseases of bone tissue (trauma, osteomyelitis, osteoporosis and tumor) and effective common treatment strategies are presented in the review. An analysis of the modern understanding of the complex action of the cement matrix and the additives and drugs distributed in it in relation to the successful treatment of bone defects is given. The mechanisms of biological action of functional substances determine the effectiveness of use in certain clinical cases. An important direction of using calcium phosphate cements as a carrier of functional substances is the volumetric incorporation of anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antiresorptive and osteogenic functional substances. The main functionalization requirement for carrier materials is prolonged elution. Various release factors related to the matrix, functional substances and elution conditions are considered in the work. It is shown that cements are a complex system. Changing one of the many initial parameters in a wide range changes the final characteristics of the matrix and, accordingly, the kinetics. The main approaches to the effective functionalization of calcium phosphate cements are considered in the review.
作为用于修复和治疗骨组织缺损的材料，磷酸钙骨水泥仍然备受关注。尽管已实现商业化并应用于临床，但磷酸钙骨水泥仍具有巨大的发展潜力。本文分析了将磷酸钙骨水泥作为药物生产的现有方法。综述中介绍了骨组织主要疾病（创伤、骨髓炎、骨质疏松症和肿瘤）的发病机制以及有效的常见治疗策略。文中还分析了当前对于水泥基质以及分布其中的添加剂和药物在成功治疗骨缺损方面的复杂作用的理解。功能物质的生物作用机制决定了其在特定临床病例中的使用效果。将磷酸钙骨水泥用作功能物质载体的一个重要方向是将抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗吸收和成骨功能物质进行体积掺入。对载体材料的主要功能化要求是延长洗脱时间。该研究考虑了与基质、功能物质和洗脱条件相关的各种释放因素。结果表明，骨水泥是一个复杂的系统。在很宽的范围内改变众多初始参数之一会改变基质的最终特性，进而改变动力学。该综述探讨了磷酸钙骨水泥有效功能化的主要方法。
