Torjussen J, Bahr R
Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
Br J Sports Med. 2006 Mar;40(3):230-4. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2005.021329.
Although snowboarding is already established as an Olympic sport, it is still a developing sport, with new disciplines, more demanding snow installations, and spectacular tricks. A recent study on subjects at Norwegian national elite level showed that injury risk is high and that injuries among competitive snowboarders differ from those seen in recreational snowboarders, with fewer wrist injuries and more knee and back injuries.
To describe the incidence and type of injuries among female and male snowboarders at international elite level.
At the last race of the Fédération Internationale de Ski Snowboard World Cup, acute injuries resulting in missed participation and overuse injuries influencing performance, were recorded during a retrospective interview (91% response rate). The registration period was from April 2002 (end of season) until March 2003. Exposure was recorded as the number of runs in all disciplines, and the incidence was calculated as number of injuries per 1000 runs.
The 258 athletes interviewed reported 3193 competition days (n = 46 879 runs) in all disciplines. In total, 135 acute injuries were recorded; 62 (46%) during competition in the official disciplines. Of the 135 acute injuries, the most common injury locations were knee (n = 24; 18%), shoulder (n = 18; 13%), back (n = 17; 13%), and wrist (n = 11; 8%). The overall incidence during competition was 1.3 (95% confidence interval 1.0 to 1.7) injuries per 1000 runs; 2.3 (0.9 to 3.8) for big air (n = 10), 1.9 (1.1 to 2.8) for halfpipe (n = 21), 2.1 (1.2 to 3.0) for snowboard cross (n = 20), 0.6 (0.2 to 1.0) for parallel giant slalom (n = 8), and 0.3 (0.0 to 0.7) for parallel slalom (n = 3). The severity of injuries was graded based on time loss (27% lost >21 days) and score on the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) (38% AIS 1, 61% AIS 2 and 1% AIS 3). There were 122 overuse injuries, 38 (31%) of these to the knee.
The injury risk for big air, snowboard cross, and halfpipe disciplines is high, while that for the snowboard slalom disciplines is lower. The injury pattern is different from recreational athletes, with a greater share of knee injuries and fewer wrist injuries. Compared with national level, the injury risk appears to be lower at World Cup level.
尽管单板滑雪已成为一项奥运会项目，但它仍是一项不断发展的运动，有新的项目、要求更高的雪上设施和精彩的技巧。最近一项针对挪威国家精英水平运动员的研究表明，受伤风险很高，而且竞技单板滑雪者的受伤情况与业余单板滑雪者不同，手腕受伤较少，膝盖和背部受伤较多。
描述国际精英水平的男女单板滑雪运动员的受伤发生率和类型。
在国际滑雪联合会单板滑雪世界杯的最后一场比赛中，通过回顾性访谈记录了导致错过参赛的急性损伤和影响表现的过度使用损伤（回应率91%）。记录期为2002年4月（赛季结束）至2003年3月。暴露量记录为所有项目的滑行次数，发生率计算为每1000次滑行的受伤次数。
接受访谈的258名运动员报告了所有项目的3193个比赛日（n = 46879次滑行）。总共记录了135例急性损伤；62例（46%）发生在官方项目的比赛中。在135例急性损伤中，最常见的受伤部位是膝盖（n = 24；18%）、肩部（n = 18；13%）、背部（n = 17；13%）和手腕（n = 11；8%）。比赛期间的总体发生率为每1000次滑行1.3例（95%置信区间1.0至1.7）损伤；大跳台项目为2.3例（0.9至3.8）（n = 10），U型场地技巧项目为1.9例（1.1至2.8）（n = 21），障碍追逐项目为2.1例（1.2至3.0）（n = 20），平行大回转项目为0.6例（0.2至1.0）（n = 8），平行回转项目为0.3例（0.0至0.7）（n = 3）。损伤严重程度根据失能时间分级（27%失能超过21天），并根据简明损伤定级标准（AIS）评分（38%为AIS 1级，61%为AIS 2级，1%为AIS 3级）。有122例过度使用损伤，其中38例（31%）发生在膝盖。
大跳台、障碍追逐和U型场地技巧项目的受伤风险很高，而单板回转项目的受伤风险较低。受伤模式与业余运动员不同，膝盖受伤比例更高，手腕受伤比例更低。与国家水平相比，世界杯水平的受伤风险似乎更低。
