Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 2012 Apr;40(4):770-6. doi: 10.1177/0363546511433279. Epub 2012 Jan 20.
Participation in snowboarding as a winter sport is comparable to alpine skiing concerning the demographics of the participants, risk of injury, and variation in types of injuries sustained.
To examine the types of snowboarding injuries and changes in injury patterns over time. We also sought to highlight important differences in injury patterns between snowboarders and alpine skiers as affected by age, experience, and sex.
Case control; Level of evidence, 3.
Data were collected on injured snowboarders and skiers in a base-lodge clinic of a ski resort in Vermont over 18 seasons (1988-2006) and included extensive information about injury patterns, demographics, and experience. Control data were also obtained during this time period to provide information about the population at risk.
The injury rates were assessed as mean days between injuries (MDBI). The average MDBI for all injuries among snowboarders was 345 as compared with 400 for skiers (the lower the number, the higher the injury rate). The most common type of injury for snowboarders was a wrist injury (MDBI, 1258), while for skiers, it was an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) sprain (MDBI, 2332). Wrist injuries accounted for 27.6% of all snowboard injuries and 2.8% of skiing injuries, and ACL injuries composed 1.7% of all snowboard injuries and 17.2% of skiing injuries. Among snowboarders, more wrist injuries, shoulder soft tissue injuries, ankle injuries, concussions, and clavicle fractures were seen, while skiers had more ACL sprains, medial collateral ligament (MCL) sprains of the knee, lateral collateral ligament (LCL) sprains of the knee, lower extremity contusions, and tibia fractures. The trend analysis revealed an increased incidence of clavicle fractures (P < .01) and a decrease in MCL injuries (P < .01) and ankle injuries (P < .025) among snowboarders over time. Skiers had a decrease in thumb metacarpophalangeal-ulnar collateral ligament (MCP-UCL) injuries (P < .001) and MCL injuries of the knee (P < .001) over time. We found the highest rate of injury among young, inexperienced, female snowboarders. When examining the location of injury, 21.8% of snowboard injuries occurred in the terrain park compared with 6.5% of ski injuries.
Injury rates in snowboarders have fluctuated over time but currently remain higher than in skiers. Wrist, shoulder, and ankle injuries are more common among snowboarders, while knee ligament injuries are more common in skiers. Injured snowboarders were significantly younger, less experienced, and more likely to be female than injured skiers or snowboard control participants. We did not find any evidence that those who spend time in terrain parks are overrepresented in the injury population.
参与单板滑雪作为冬季运动与高山滑雪相比，参与者的人口统计学特征、受伤风险以及受伤类型的差异都很相似。
研究单板滑雪受伤的类型以及随时间推移而发生的受伤模式变化。我们还旨在突出因年龄、经验和性别而异的单板滑雪者和高山滑雪者受伤模式的重要差异。
病例对照；证据水平，3 级。
在佛蒙特州一个滑雪胜地的基地小屋诊所收集了 18 个赛季（1988-2006 年）受伤的单板滑雪者和滑雪者的数据，其中包括有关受伤模式、人口统计学和经验的广泛信息。在此期间还获得了对照数据，以提供有关风险人群的信息。
受伤率评估为平均受伤间隔天数（MDBI）。所有单板滑雪者的平均 MDBI 为 345 天，而滑雪者的平均 MDBI 为 400 天（数字越低，受伤率越高）。单板滑雪者最常见的受伤类型是手腕受伤（MDBI，1258），而滑雪者则是前交叉韧带（ACL）扭伤（MDBI，2332）。手腕受伤占所有单板滑雪受伤的 27.6%和滑雪受伤的 2.8%，ACL 受伤占所有单板滑雪受伤的 1.7%和滑雪受伤的 17.2%。在单板滑雪者中，更多的手腕受伤、肩部软组织受伤、踝关节受伤、脑震荡和锁骨骨折，而滑雪者则有更多的 ACL 扭伤、膝关节内侧副韧带（MCL）扭伤、膝关节外侧副韧带（LCL）扭伤、下肢挫伤和胫骨骨折。趋势分析表明，随着时间的推移，锁骨骨折的发生率增加（P <.01），而 MCL 损伤（P <.01）和踝关节损伤（P <.025）减少。随着时间的推移，滑雪者的拇指掌指关节-尺侧副韧带（MCP-UCL）损伤（P <.001）和膝关节 MCL 损伤（P <.001）减少。我们发现年轻、经验不足、女性单板滑雪者的受伤率最高。在检查受伤部位时，21.8%的单板滑雪受伤发生在地形公园，而滑雪受伤仅为 6.5%。
单板滑雪者的受伤率随时间波动，但目前仍高于滑雪者。手腕、肩部和踝关节受伤在单板滑雪者中更为常见，而膝关节韧带受伤在滑雪者中更为常见。受伤的单板滑雪者明显比受伤的滑雪者或单板滑雪对照组参与者年轻、经验不足且更有可能是女性。我们没有发现任何证据表明那些在地形公园度过时间的人在受伤人群中占比过高。
