Hartley Mary, Thomsett Michael J, Cotterill Andrew M
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Mater Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
J Paediatr Child Health. 2006 Mar;42(3):108-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2006.00807.x.
To evaluate the use of small doses of glucagon using an insulin syringe in mild or impending hypoglycaemia in children with type 1 diabetes.
Data were collected from patients attending the Paediatric Diabetes Clinic at the Queensland Diabetes Centre at the Mater Hospital, Brisbane in 2002-2004 following the institution of a new protocol for home management of mild or impending hypoglycaemia associated with inability or refusal to take oral carbohydrate. The protocol recommended the use of subcutaneous injections of glucagon using insulin syringes at a dose of two 'units' (20 microg) in children 2 years of age or younger, and for older children one unit per year of age up to a maximum of 15 units (150 microg), with an additional doubled dose given if the blood glucose had not increased in 20 min.
Over a 2-year period, 25 children were treated with mini-dose glucagon on a total of 38 occasions. Additional doses were required for recurring hypoglycaemia on 20 (53%) occasions. The child could be managed at home on 32 (84%) of these 38 occasions, with only 6 (16%) children needing hospital treatment.
Our study confirmed that small doses of glucagon given subcutaneously with an insulin syringe is a simple, practical and effective home treatment of mild or impending hypoglycaemia due to gastroenteritis or food refusal in children with type 1 diabetes.
评估使用胰岛素注射器注射小剂量胰高血糖素治疗1型糖尿病儿童轻度或即将发生的低血糖症的效果。
收集2002年至2004年在布里斯班马特医院昆士兰糖尿病中心儿科糖尿病门诊就诊的患者数据，这些患者遵循了一项新的家庭管理方案，该方案用于治疗与无法或拒绝口服碳水化合物相关的轻度或即将发生的低血糖症。该方案建议，2岁及以下儿童皮下注射胰高血糖素时使用胰岛素注射器，剂量为两个“单位”（20微克），年龄较大的儿童每岁注射一个单位，最大剂量为15个单位（150微克），如果20分钟后血糖没有升高，则额外加倍注射。
在两年时间里，共有25名儿童接受了小剂量胰高血糖素治疗，总共治疗了38次。20次（53%）复发性低血糖症需要额外注射。这38次治疗中有32次（84%）患儿可在家中处理，只有6名（16%）儿童需要住院治疗。
我们的研究证实，使用胰岛素注射器皮下注射小剂量胰高血糖素是治疗1型糖尿病儿童因肠胃炎或拒食导致的轻度或即将发生的低血糖症的一种简单、实用且有效的家庭治疗方法。
